Fermentation
This microorganism is most commonly used to ferment grape juice into wine
S. cerevisiae
This compound, also found in tea and chocolate, gives red wines their astringent, mouth-drying character
tannins
This country produces more wine by volume than any other in the world
Italy
This country is credited as the birthplace of wine, with evidence of winemaking dating back over 8,000 years
Georgia
This club member has a vineyard in Turkey
Efe
The process of converting sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide by yeast is known as this
alcoholic fermentation
What is the optimal pH range for wines?
3.0-3.6
What is the largest wine company in the world?
E. and J. Gallo
The ancient Romans spread viticulture across much of Europe, but they adopted many winemaking practices from this earlier Mediterranean civilization
Greece
This club member worked at a sake brewery in Brooklyn
Sam Rhoads
Malolactic fermentation, often used in red wines and some Chardonnays, converts malic acid into this softer acid
lactic acid
This family of aromatic compounds, including linalool and geraniol, is responsible for the floral and citrus aromas in varieties like Muscat and Gewürztraminer
terpenes
This New York wine region, known for its Riesling and cool-climate varieties, is the state’s largest and most established wine-producing area
The fingerlakes
In the 19th century, the European wine industry was nearly destroyed by this root-feeding insect, eventually solved by grafting vines onto American rootstocks
phylloxera
This club member commonly says the phrases "let's get mobile", "type litty", and "burger"
Rob
This ancient beverage, made from fermented honey, is one of the oldest known alcoholic drinks in human history
mead
This preservative, often added during winemaking, protects wine from oxidation and microbial spoilage
sulfites
This global wine competition, founded in 2004 in London, is one of the most influential and widely recognized in the industry
Decanter World Wine Awards (DWWA)
The Judgment of Paris in 1976 shocked the wine world when wines from this U.S. state beat top French wines in a blind tasting
California
This club member will dap you up with his finger pointing out
Caleb Jung
In traditional sake production, this mold is used to break down rice starches into fermentable sugars before yeast fermentation occurs
Aspergillus oryzae (koji mold)
This class of phenolic pigments, responsible for the red and purple colors in young wines, can polymerize over time to form more stable hues
anthocyanins
This French system, used in regions like Bordeaux and Burgundy, regulates wine production by geographic origin, grape varieties, and quality standards
Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée
In medieval Europe, much of the preservation and advancement of viticulture and winemaking knowledge was carried out by this group
Monks
This club member comes from one of the top global tourist destinations in the world, known for its scenic beauty and deep cultural history
Lindsey (Bakersfield, CA)