Matter
Atomic Structure & The Periodic Table
Chemical Bonding
Chemical Reactions
Solutions, Acids & Bases
100
A state of matter in which particles move freely, expand, and are charged.
What is plasma.
100
What subatomic particle determines the atomic number of an element?
What is the proton
100
What type of bond is formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to another?
An ionic bond
100
What type of reaction is represented by the equation:
2 H2 + O2 --> 2 H2O
What is a Synthesis Reaction
100
On a solubility curve, what does it mean if a point lies above the curve for a particular solute at a specific temperature?
The solution is supersaturated, meaning it contains more solute than can normally dissolve at that temperature.
200
How does the kinetic energy & particle spacing in the gas phase compare to the liquid phase?
Particles in the gas phase have more kinetic energy and are further apart than particles in the liquid phase.
200
What do all isotopes of an element have in common and how do they differ?
They have the same chemical symbol, atomic number, number of protons & electrons. They differ in the number of neutrons & mass number.
200
What is the chemical formula for magnesium chloride?
MgCl2
200
Why is it necessary to balance chemical equations using coefficients?
In order to obey the Law of Conservation of Mass. The number of atoms on both sides of the chemical equations has to be the same to show that nothing has been created or destroyed.
200
How do bases typically feel?
Slippery
300
If the temperature of a gas in a closed container increases while the volume stays constant, what happens to the pressure & why?
The pressure increases because the particles move faster, collide more frequently and with greater force against the walls of the container.
300
Why is hydrogen in group 1A if it is a nonmetal? What makes it unique compared to the other elements in its group?
Because it has 1 valence electron. It is the only nonmetal & gas in group 1A.
300
What is the name of N2O5?
Dinitrogen pentoxide
300
A student starts with 10 grams of hydrogen and reacts it with oxygen. The reaction produces 90 grams of water. What is the mass of oxygen that reacted, and how does this support the Law of Conservation of Matter?
80 grams of oxygen. This supports the Law of Conservation of Matter because the total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the product.
300
How does increasing surface area affect the rate of dissolution and what does it mean to increase surface area?
It will increase the rate of dissolution. Increasing surface area means breaking up the solute into smaller pieces so that a higher surface area of each particle is coming into contact with the solvent.
400
What happens to a balloon when you put it in a freezer and why?
The balloon will decrease in volume (it will shrink) because the particles will slow down, collide less and come closer together.
400
The mass number of an isotope of carbon is 14, how many protons, neutrons, and electrons does it have?
6 protons, 8 neutrons, and 6 electrons.
400
What change takes place when K and Cl bond (think about the electrons)? What type of bond is this?
Potassium gives its one valence electron to chlorine so both can have a full outer shell. This is an ionic bond.
400
Balance the reaction:
____ C4H10 + ____ O2 --> ____ CO2 + ____ H2O
The coefficients should be: 2, 13, 8, 10
400
Which solute would be least soluble at 20 degrees Celsius? What is its solubility?
Ce2(SO4)3 & 5 g/ 100 mL
500
Why do gases become less dense when their temperature increases at constant pressure?
As temperature increases, the gas particles move faster and spread further apart, causing the volume to increase. Since density is mass divided by volume, an increase in volume results in a decrease in density.
500
Draw the Bohr Diagram for the following element:
See Board
500
Draw the electron dot diagram that represents the ionic bond between potassium and fluorine.
500
A student reacts 12 g of baking soda with 43 g of vinegar. The student creates 22 g of sodium acetate and there are bubbles formed as well. How many grams of CO2 gas was produced in this experiment? How do you know this?
33 g of carbon dioxide. We know this because the mass of the reactants has to equal the mass of the products.
500
A student tests two solutions with a conductivity meter. Solution A (sugar water) does not conduct electricity, while Solution B (saltwater) does. Explain why.
Saltwater conducts electricity because it contains ions (Na+ and Cl-) that move freely in the solution. Sugar water does not conduct electricity because it is a covalent compound and does not ionize in water.