Wireless Network
Types of radio network
the one-to-many (simplex communication),
the two-way radio (duplex communication)
In what frequency band does Bluetooth operate?
2.4 GHz
This data unit represents the payload passed from the Network layer to the Data-Link layer in 802.11.
MSDU (MAC Service Data Unit)
Unwanted signals that interfere with communication are called this.
Noise
Compared to 2.4 GHz, this band offers higher data rates and less interference but suffers from shorter range due to higher path loss.
5 GHz band
Which IEEE standards group uses Bluetooth as the basis for the standard?
802.15
This happens when a signal bounces off smooth surfaces like metal or glass.
Reflection
This unit is created when a MAC header is added to the MSDU.
MPDU (MAC Protocol Data Unit)
This antenna focuses signals in one direction.
Directional Antenna
Instead of hopping between frequencies, this technique spreads each data bit into multiple smaller bits using a high-rate code, making the signal appear like noise to unintended receivers.
Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS)
Classification of wireless netrorks by their distances?
WPAN ,WLAN, WMAN, WWAN.
This is the bending of a signal when it passes through different media.
Refraction
This process moves a client from State 1 to State 2.
Authentication
This antenna type provides moderate direction and coverage.
Semi-directional antenna
During this brief transition period between frequency changes, no data is transmitted because the system is stabilizing on the new channel.
Hop Time
In what frequency band does 802.11a operate in?
5 GHz
A crowded meeting room causes Wi-Fi signal degradation even at short distances.
Absorption
In which state, the client is authenticated but not yet associated?
State 2
What is MIMO?
Technology uses multiple antennas to transmit and receive signals simultaneously.
This concept refers to the theoretical maximum data-carrying capacity of a wireless channel, which depends on frequency range and signal quality, but does not necessarily reflect the actual speed experienced by users.
Bandwidth
On what layers of the OSI reference model do wireless networks operate?
Physical layer and data link layer
What type of weather impacts RF signals the most?
Heavy rain
This process forces a client back to State 1 from any state.
Deauthentication
This component carries signals from transmitter to antenna.
Cable
What is spread spectrum?
Teknik komunikasi nirkabel yang menyebarkan sinyal informasi ke pita frekuensi yang jauh lebih lebar daripada yang diperlukan, menggunakan daya rendah, dan biasanya di atas noise floor.
What does IEEE stand for?
the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
A device for radiating or receiving radio waves which is basically used for transmitting signals
Antenna
What is Active Mode?
This mode keeps the device always ready to transmit and receive data.
What is antenna diversity?
This technique selects the best signal from multiple antennas.
TRUE or FALSE
Bandwidth always represents the actual data transmission speed experienced by users in a wireless network, regardless of interference, protocol overhead, or number of connected devices.
False
What does Wi-Fi stand for?
Wireless Fidelity
What is an advantage of a satellite system?
It can cover vast areas. A single satellite can cover roughly one-third of the Earth’s surface.
What are data frames?
These frames carry upper-layer data such as IP packets.
This metric measures signal quality compared to noise.
SNR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio)
TRUE or FALSE
Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS) allows Wi-Fi devices to detect radar signals and automatically switch channels to avoid interference.
True