General
Opioids
Alcohol
Miscellaneous
Addiction Treatment
100
Signs and symptoms of withdrawal are generally the opposite of signs and symptoms of this
What is intoxication
100
Gastrointestinal symptoms consistent with opioid withdrawal
What is nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
100
Changes in heart rate, blood pressure, temperature often seen in patients with alcohol withdrawal
What is tachycardia, elevated BP, increased temperature
100
Infection involving heart valves, often caused by IV drug use, and may result in stroke or peripheral infection
What is endocarditis
100
Acronym for screening, brief intervention, referral to treatment, found to decrease alcohol use in primary care
What is SBIRT
200
When higher dose of a substance is required to produce the same effects
What is tolerance
200
Opioid partial agonist, drug of choice to treat opioid withdrawal
What is buprenorphine
200
Class of sedative drug often used as first line in ED in patients with alcohol withdrawal
What is benzodiazepines
200
Classic triad of Wernicke’s encephalopathy
What is ataxia, nystagmus, altered mental status
200
Besides methadone and buprenorphine, the third medication approved by FDA for treatment of opioid used disorder. Also approved for alcohol use disorder. An opioid antagonist
What is naltrexone
300
The physical need to use a drug to avoid withdrawal
What is dependence
300
Full opioid agonist, can be used to treat opioid withdrawal if outpatient treatment is available
What is methadone
300
Vitamin supplement given to patients with malnutrition to prevent, or treat, Wernicke’s Encephalopathy
What is thiamine
300
DEA special licensure allowing for prescription of buprenorphine, eliminated by federal law in late December 2022
What is X-waiver
300
The presence of this drug, along with fentanyl, recently passed cocaine and fentanyl as most common drug combination in OD deaths in Maine
What is methamphetamine
400
An illness of chronic substance use effecting the patient’s relationship to work, family, recreational activities
What is substance use disorder or addiction
- Taking the substance in larger amounts or for longer than you're meant to
- Wanting to cut down or stop using the substance but not managing to
- Spending a lot of time getting, using, or recovering from use of the substance
- Cravings and urges to use the substance
- Not managing to do what you should at work, home, or school because of substance use
- Continuing to use, even when it causes problems in relationships
- Giving up important social, occupational, or recreational activities because of substance use
- Using substances again and again, even when it puts you in danger
- Continuing to use, even when you know you have a physical or psychological problem that could have been caused or made worse by the substance
- Needing more of the substance to get the effect you want (tolerance)
- Development of withdrawal symptoms, which can be relieved by taking more of the substance
400
Condition resulting after patient with opioid dependence is treated with an opioid antagonist, or partial agonist, for opioid overdose
What is precipitated withdrawal
400
Altered perception of reality, combined with neuromusculoskeletal movement disorder seen in severe alcohol withdrawal
What is delirium tremens
400
Animal sedative now contaminating drug supply associated with severe skin wounds
What is Xylazine
400
Inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase, used in treatment of alcohol use disorder. Causing flushing, nausea, vomiting when combined with alcohol
What is disulfiram, Antabuse
500
The negative and discriminatory attitudes of others towards people with addiction
What is stigma
How does stigma affect patients with SUD?
Feeling stigmatized decreases willingness of patients to seek treatment
HCW with stigma feel pity, fear, anger and desire to not treat SUD
Stigmatizing language negatively influences HCW perceptions of SUD
This will impact the care they provide
500
Clinical opioid withdrawal score often used in ED when managing patients
What is COWS (clinical opioid withdrawal score)
500
Clinical scoring system used with patients in alcohol withdrawal that may determine treatment
What is CIWA score - Clinical Institute Withdrawal for Alcohol
500
Effect of fentanyl involving spasm of respiratory muscles not mediated by opioid receptors
What is wooden chest syndrome
500
Hulu series in 2021, starring Michael Keaton, chronicling the rise of Purdue Pharma and the beginnings of the opioid epidemic
What is Dopesick