Civilians in Vietnam
Define Military Junta
A military group that takes power by force and exercises its authority through power and coercion.
Name Nixon's foreign policy towards Vietnam
Vietnamization
Provide the statistics for the following areas:
1. Number of deaths in Cambodia by bombing the US
2. US missions flown
3. Refugees fleeing as a result of the conflict in Cambodia
1. 150,000
2. 230, 488
3. 750,000
Provide the name of the Prince of Cambodia, and his Prime Minister
Sihanouk and Lon Nol
Immediately after taking over, what did the Khmer Rouge do? 3 reasons needed
They began to burn books, destroy public buildings and empty the city of Phnom Penh.
Name the Operation which took place between 1961 and 1972, and what did it do/how did it achieve this??
Operation Ranch Hand, aimed to expose the jungle networks of the Viet Cong and did it by spraying 19 million gallons of defoliant chemicals.
hich 1964 congressional legislation gave Lyndon Johnson broad authority to escalate U.S. involvement in Vietnam without a formal declaration of wa
The Tonkin Resolution
What did the US see Laos as? And over the next decade, how did US foreign policy influence the country? (stats needed)
The US saw Laos as the 'initial' domino to be defended in south east asia.
US FP started in 1960, and resulted in the CIA training and equipting the Hmong in the mountains. However, after the US withdrawal, 30,000 Hmong had been killed and were left to face the enemy alone.
What happened in 1974 in Laos and how did this impact the country's future. Be Specific!
The Prime Minister of Laos, Souvanna Phouma, had a heart attack, and the government forces were left leaderless. Sensing a Pathet Lao's takeover, wealthy Laotians moved their businesses overseas, and in June of 1975 the Pathet Lao took a series of towns, finally taking the capital in December of that year.
What prompted the Vietnamese to invade Cambodia, and what happened as a result?
C\Repeated border raids into Vietnamese territory and violent executions of Vietnamese civilians prompted V to invade on the 7th of Jan 1979. They planned to remove Pol Pot from government. They achieved this in 17 days and Pol Pot fled to the countryside. A new government was established.
How did US aid cripple South Vietnam from the start of the war?
Foriegn US aid damaged SV industries. This resulted in the economy declining and by 1965, SV had to import rice. After the reduction of US troops in 1970, SV's economy went into freefall, leading to hyperinflation.
Which monk in the 1963 Buddhist crisis event protested Ngô Đình Diệm’s religious policies.
Thích Quảng Đức
What conflict/s took place in Laos previous to 1960. Provide as much detail as possible.
The first stage of the Civil War between the French and the Communist leader Pathet Lao (Lao Nation), a sub-branch of the Vietminh took place in 1953.
The second stage of the Civil War occurred when the US supported the Royal Lao Government against Pathet Lao in 1957.
How did the Khmer Rouge and the Prince of Cambodia increase the likelihood of a power takeover? What happened after?
Through the political coalition between Sihanouk and the KR, they were able to inflate their ranks, creating a platform for people to flock to which backed the former soveriegn. The KR used the prince until they had no use for him anymore.
The four-year plans aimed to modernise the country through the agricultural sector. As part of the plan, rice-yeild targets were established, which the collective farms were expected to reach. These plans failed as a result of inflated statistics, and led to Cambodia exporting rice while their population starved.
What differences did NV civilians face compared to that of SV? (4 needed)
- Experiences political stability
- Generally united behind the political and miliatristic aims of the NV government.
- Morale in NV was not destroyed
- The US bombings did result in 4000 villages being destroyed and transport and communication disrupted
- Trade hours were restricted
- Females took over the factory jobs, and were moved to the countryside
Which 1972 naval mining operation sealed North Vietnamese ports to cut off foreign supplies during the Easter Offensive
Operation Pocket Money
How did the US involvement in Vietnam impact Camodia? (Specifics needed)
Nixon initiated bombings in Cambodia to protect the South from NV forces as the US withdrew its troops.
This was seen in Operation Meny in March of 1969 and Operation Freedom Deal in 1970-73.
A joint US-ARVN ground attack into Cambodia was undtertaken to attempt to find the COVSN.
How did the Khmer Rouge impact intellectuals and property owners. Be Specific.
Schools and hospitals were closed and privately owned land was confiscated. Through the use of fear, anyone who was seen as a 'threat' was murdered, often being intellectuals. By 1979 only 207 of the 2300 cambodian secondary school teachers remained alive.