Work
A force applied through a distance
Work
The ability to cause change or do work
Energy
Only does one movement
simple machine
Work needed to move 20 N book 2 meters
40J
Sum of kinetic and Potential energy
Mechanical Energy
Unit for Work
Joules (J)
Electrons moving down a wire
Kinetic Electrical
Effectiveness of a machine at increasing force
Mechanical Advantage
Formula for mechanical advantage
force output/force input
Energy that causes an object or substance to vibrate
Kinetic Sound
2 things that calculate work
Force & Distance
Energy stored due to interactions between objects
Potential Energy
Adding lubricant to a machine does this
Increases efficiency
Formula for kinetic energy
1/2 m v^2
Energy transformation of a toaster
electrical to thermal
Way that a machine changes how work is done
Increase Speed or change directions or increase force
Pulling a rubber band back
Potential Elastic Energy
Simple machine that could help increase mechanical advantage of loading something heavy in the back of a van
inclined plane
Formula for efficiency
work output/work input x 100
If all masses are equal, this object on a bookcase would have the greatest GPE
the one on top
You calculate work when force and motion are this
parallel
Transformation when lighting a match
potential chemical to kinetic light
Improves efficiency of machine, but not to 100%
Reducing Friction
Units for mechanical advantage
none- just the number
Friction from air resistance on a swing affects energy by doing this
Converting some mechanical energy to thermal energy