What is working memory?
Brief, immediate memory for the limited amount of material that you are currently processing.
What is working memory?
Better recall for items at the END of the list.
What is the Recency effect?
The organization of several numbers together as one unit.
What is Chunking?
Our mental processes are similar to the operations of a computer and information processes through our cognitive system in a series of stages, one step at a time.
What is the Information-processing approach?
Multipart system that holds and manipulates information while we perform cognitive tasks?
What is The Working Memory Approach?
Large capacity storage system that contains memory for experiences and information that have accumulated throughout your life.
What is long-term memory?
Enhanced recall for items at the beginning of the list.
What is the Primacy effect?
The meaning of words and sentences.
What are Semantics?
Memory involves a sequence of separate steps, transferring storage of material from one storage area to another.
What is the Atkinson-Shiffrin Model?
Processes sounds you hear and make (out loud or silently).
What is a Phonological loop?
Suggested that people can only remember about 7 items.
Who is George Miller?
British Psychologist John Brown, and US Psychologists, Lloyd and Margaret Peterson.
Who created the Brown/Peterson & Peterson Technique?
When we have difficulty remembering new material because old material interferes.
What is Proactive interference?
Records info from senses.
What is Sensory memory?
Processes visual and spatial information.
What is a Visuospatial sketchpad?
Memory units that consists of several components that are strongly associated with one another
What is chunk?
U-shaped relationship between a word’s position in a list and it’s probability of being recalled.
What is Serial position effect?
Performance on new category similar to performance on first item “Begin.”
What is Release from Proactive Interference?
Holds small amount of information actively being used.
What is Short-term memory?
Integrates info from phonological loop, visuospatial sketchpad, episodic buffer & long term memory.
What is Central executive?
Intentional strategies to improve memory.
What is Control processes?
Presents items to remember; Distracting task (prevents rehearsal = repeating item silently); and Recall of items.
What is the Brown/Peterson & Peterson technique?
Argues a distinction between short & long-term memory.
What is the primary focus of the Atkinson-Shiffrin Model?
Holds enormous capacity/all memories.
What is Long-term memory?
Temporary storehouse to hold and combine info from phonological loop, visuospatial sketchpad, & long term memory.
What is Episodic buffer?