Philosophers
An Athenian philosopher, is widely regarded as one of the founders of Western philosophy. Known for his distinctive method of inquiry, his method, engaged in dialogues with individuals, persistently questioning their beliefs and assumptions to uncover underlying truths. This method, characterized by a series of questions and counter-questions, aimed to stimulate critical thinking and self-examination.
His philosophy emphasized the importance of virtue and knowledge, believing that a virtuous life is a result of understanding what is good and just. He famously proclaimed, "The unexamined life is not worth living," highlighting the significance of intellectual inquiry and self-reflection. His teachings, though primarily preserved through the writings of his student Plato, have had a profound impact on Western thought, inspiring countless philosophers and thinkers throughout history.
Socrates
From Samos was this prominent ancient Greek philosopher, mathematician, and astronomer. Renowned for his significant contributions to mathematics, he is credited with the discovery and proof of a theorem, a fundamental principle in geometry that states the square of the hypotenuse of a right triangle equals the sum of the squares of its other two sides.
Beyond his mathematical achievements, he founded a philosophical and religious school. This school emphasized a strict code of conduct, including vegetarianism, communal living, and the belief in the transmigration of souls. It had a profound influence on the development of Western thought, particularly in mathematics, philosophy, and music theory.
Pythagoras
A member of Philip II of Macedon's personal bodyguard (and likely lover). He assassinated Philip in 336 BC at a wedding ceremony in Aegae. The exact motives for the assassination remain unclear, but it is believed that he acted out of personal grievance and a desire for revenge against Attalus, a nobleman who had humiliated him.
While he was killed shortly after the assassination, suspicions about the involvement of others, including Philip's wife Olympias and his son Alexander the Great, have persisted throughout history. Some historians suggest that the assassination may have been part of a larger conspiracy, while others argue that he acted alone. The true circumstances surrounding Philip's murder remain a subject of debate and historical inquiry.
his lover killed Philip, Pausanias.
He was how old at his accession? (336bce )
20
He was a Macedonian general who became one of the Diadochi, the successors of Alexander the Great. After Alexander's death in 323 BC, he seized control of Egypt, founding his Kingdom.
As a ruler, he was a shrewd and effective administrator. He established a strong central government, fostered trade and commerce, and supported the arts and sciences. His reign saw the flourishing of the city of Alexandria, which became a major center of learning and culture. He is also remembered for his patronage of the Library of Alexandria, one of the greatest libraries of the ancient world.
Ptolemy
Believed nothing is perfect, not even governments or even health. Ideals cannot exist.
Allegory of the Cave
Plato
engineer
Ionaian
completed a tunnel between 550 and 530 BC, excavated from both ends and first with methodical approach in doing so.
brought water to city
Eupalinos
At this battle Philip decisively defeats Athens and Thebes.
Battle of Chaeronea
His last words
"to the strongest"
The Seleucid capital changed from Babylon to_____.
Dura-Europa
Aristotle started these schools to protect freedom of thought
Lyceum
his name translates to “chosen of people”
460–370 BCE
from Thrace, near the Hellespont
Formulated an atomic theory for the universe.
Largely ignored in ancient Athens
Considered the "father of modern science"
Democritus
debates to resist or surrender to Phillip
the Phillipics
This city Darius offered peace. If he yielded all west of the Euphrates along with 10,000 talents in gold and his daughter in marriage. Alexander refused, sold most of the women into slavery.
Building a land mass, he sacked this city and had 2,000 people crucified.
Tyre
Greek Torah
Septaguint
Plato's invention would exist for 1000 years, til shut down by Justinian, the Byzantine King.
the Academy
24 BC – c. 546 BC.
Island off the Ionian coast
first philosopher in Greek tradition.
Attempted to explain natural phenomena without reference to mythology.
Thales of Miletus
How long were Phillips pikes?
13 feet
His first battle in Asia minor. His helmet was split in two.
BATTLE OF GRANICUS
Its library recorded on (well preserved) animal skin.
Pergamum
According to PLato, the perfect form of government is a republic, ruled by a class of (what type of leader)?
Philosopher-Kings
Anaxagoras described a fiery mass larger than________.
the Peloponnese
As a teenager, Phillip spent three years as a hostage of this city.
Thebes
He stopped by Delphi to receive advice from the Oracle. The usually confusing oracle said.
“Thou art invincible”
The Colossus guarded the harbor of this island.
Was over 10 stories tall!
One of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World
Rhodes