Islam
This was the largest and longest-lasting of the three Islamic "gunpowder empires" in the 1300-1600s.
What is the Ottoman Empire?
This movement was a series of wars of conquest, started by Pope Urban II, responding to the call of the Byzantine emperor. Initially, their goal was to (re-)capture Jerusalem for the Christian faith.
What are the Crusades?
This leader had a reputation for brutality and controlled the largest contiguous land empire in history.
Who is Genghis Khan (Chinggis Khan)?
The name used for this time-span of European history means "re-birth" and was in some ways a time of greater stability, scientific advancement, and cultural production than in the Middle Ages.
What is the Renaissance?
What is meritocracy?
He was the first imperial ruler in Europe after the decline of western Rome. He allied himself with the pope and the Catholic church, tipping the balance in favor of Roman Catholic Christianity for the rest of the European Middle Ages.
Who is Charlemagne?
What is the Civil Service Examination?
This is the growing interconnectedness of societies and economies throughout the world as a result of trade, technology, and the adoption and sharing of various aspects of culture
What is globalization?
This Islamic leader title is considered to have spiritual and political authority passed down from Muhammad.
What is a caliph?
This is the term sometimes used to describe the early Middle Ages, a period following the fall of the Western Roman Empire, characterized by fewer written records, more migration, and less stone construction compared to Roman era. The term is somewhat misleading, however.
What is "the Dark Ages"?
This Chinese dynasty came before the Tang. It was short, but influential. They constructed the Grand Canal, which is still used today.
What is the Sui Dynasty?
This disease spread widely in the 1300s, in some places killing 70% of the people it infected.
What is the Black Death (or the Bubonic Plague, or the Plague)?
What is Shia?
Who is Justinian?
This was the name for the meeting of all the Mongolian clans called by the Khan in order to discuss and decide important matters. Showing up was an important way to demonstrate loyalty as well.
What is the kurultai?
The city of Timbuktu was within this wealthy African empire, home to a large library and university in the early 1400s.
What is the Mali Empire?
This is how Muslims referred to people the two other Abrahamic faiths (Christianity and Judaism). Their beliefs were accepted tolerated, though they often had to pay extra taxes.
What is the "People of the Book"?
These documents were granted by lords in Europe to allow greater independence for cities. They granted rights ranging from freedom of movement for certain merchants to independent city self-governance.
What are urban charters?
This ruler of the Ming Dynasty increased centralization, reestablished Confucian academies nationwide, and expanded the Great Wall to keep out Mongol invaders from the North. He also commissioned voyages of exploration and trade.
Who is the Yongle Emperor?
This reform banned the selling of church offices and made it so popes and bishops were appointed by other church leaders, dramatically decreasing the power of kings and emperors over the church.
What is Gregorian Reform?