Bodies of Water and Landforms
The Earth Inside and Out
Internal Forces Shaping the Earth
External Forces Shaping the Earth
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100
What percentage of the ocean covers the earth?
71%
100
What is Hot, molten rock under the surface of the earth
Magma
100
Plates moving apart, spreading horizontally
Divergent boundary
100
the physical and chemical processes that change the characteristics of rock
weathering
100
What instrument measures the relative strength of an earthquake?
Richter scale
200
The ocean circulates through these 3 motions.
waves, tides and currents
200
What is a fracture in the earth’s crust
Fault
200
What is the location where an earthquake begins called?
epicenter
200
What are three types of erosion?
Water, wind and glacial
200
A rocky ridge or hill, often left behind by a receding glacier, is called a __________.
moraine
300
DOUBLE JEOPARDY! How does the hydrologic cycle work? Draw a diagram on the board and explain!
Water evaporates into the atmosphere from the surface of the ocean, other bodies of water and plants. The water goes into the atmosphere as vapor. The vapor forms into clouds and falls as rain or snow. The water soaks into the ground, evaporates into the atmosphere or flows into rivers to be recycled.
300
What is the solid, metallic center of the earth called
Core
300
What are tectonic plates and how do they move?
The enormous pieces of the earth's crust move by spreading, collision and by sliding by each other in motion
300
Explain how mechanical and chemical weathering is different
mechanical=breakdown of rock into smaller pieces but does NOT change the composition chemical=rock is changed into a new substance as a result of an interaction between elements in the air or water and the minerals in the rock (decomposition)
300
DOUBLE JEAPORDY How do the movements of tectonic plates affect geography and topography? Think of... -plate boundaries • fault lines • continental drift • volcanoes
When the plates slide past each other and collide with each other, they may cause continental drift—a slight movement of the continents that over time will affect relative positions and distances. Plate movement may also cause faults in the earth’s crust, where most earthquakes and volcanoes occur. Earthquakes can cause severe damage, shearing, and shifts in rocks and other landform features. Volcanoes, which are caused by the rise of magma and the leak of magma through cracks in the earth’s surface, can also cause severe damage, but can also create new geographic and topographic features, such as hills and mountains, areas of rich and fertile soil, and bubbling hot springs.
400
What is a triangular area of land formed from deposits at the mouth of the river
Delta
400
The earth is the _______ planet from the sun
Third
400
Describe how a volcano occurs
Magma, gases and water from the lower part of the crust or the mantle collect and then the materials pour out of a crack in the earth's surface
400
Which of the following is composed of only organic material?
a. sediment b. humus c. loess d. soil
400
When geographers study the soil they look at these five factors
parent material relief organisms climate time
500
What is a plateau, a valley and a flood plain?
Plateau=a broad, flat area of land higher than the surrounding land Valley=low land between hills and mountains Flood Plain=flat land near the edges of rivers formed by mud and silt deposited by floods
500
What is Pangea or the Continental drift hypothesis? Explain in detail.
The earth was once a supercontinent that divided and slowly drifted apart over millions of years.
500
What are some effects of earthquakes?
landslides, displacement of land, fires, collapsed buildings and tsunamis
500
What benefits and problems are produced by wind and water? Think about..... • erosion • temperature and climate • basic survival needs • soil deposits and soil quality
The benefits of wind include heating and cooling of the planet; the deposit of loess, fertile soil, by wind erosion; the sculpting of dunes and rock formations; and the contribution of air in soil, which increases fertility. The problems caused by winds include storm damage and excessive erosion. The benefits of water include drinking water for all plants and animals; habitat, in the form of saltwater and freshwater biomes; cooling of the planet; navigation; deposits of rich sediment in such places as river deltas; and the contribution of water in soil, which increases fertility. The problems caused by water include storm damage, flooding, the deadly effects of tsunamis, and excessive erosion.
500
Use facts to support this statement: Earthquakes and volcanoes are both deadly and beneficial.
Earthquakes and volcanoes can be deadly in that they can cause severe property damage and loss of life. An earthquake can also crumble and shift geographic features, and a volcano can burn forests and bury hillsides and plains. However, earthquakes can also create new ridges and rocky plateaus, and volcanoes can create new hills and mountains. Volcanoes also deposit mineral-rich ash, increasing the fertility of the soil, and the bubbling hot springs and geysers associated with the cracks in the earth’s crust can be harnessed and used as sources of heat energy
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