Vocab
This form of government gives power to the people, who vote directly or through representatives.
Democracy
This mountain range stretches along the western edge of South America and is the longest continental mountain range in the world.
Andes Mountains
This mountain range forms a natural barrier across southern Europe.
The Alps
These countries were the two major European countries that colonized Central and South America.
Spain and Portugal
Ancient Greece was divided into independent political units known as these.
City-states
These Spanish explorers conquered indigenous civilizations in the Americas.
Conquistadors
This rainforest contains the largest tropical rainforest ecosystem on Earth.
Amazon Rainforest
This sea is bordered by southern Europe, northern Africa, and western Asia and helped facilitate trade among ancient civilizations.
Mediterranean Sea
The arrival of Europeans led to a dramatic decline in Indigenous populations largely because of this.
Disease
This system organized society during the Middle Ages around lords, vassals (nobles), and peasants or serfs.
Feudalism
This exchange brought plants, animals, diseases, and ideas between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres.
The Columbian Exchange
This extremely dry desert is located along the Pacific Coast of South America.
Atacama Desert
This peninsula, home to countries such as Norway and Sweden, is known for its fjords and glacially carved landscapes.
Scandinavian Peninsula
The Inca civilization developed this farming method to grow crops on steep mountain slopes.
Terrace farming
This disease killed millions of Europeans during the 1300s and helped weaken feudalism.
Black Plague
This is the legal document that establishes the laws and framework of a government.
These islands off the coast of Ecuador helped inspire Charles Darwin's theory of evolution.
Galápagos Islands
This mountain range, located in Russia, separates much of Europe from Asia and is commonly considered part of the continent's eastern boundary.
Ural Mountains
Name one major industry in Latin America that depends heavily on the region's physical geography.
Agriculture, mining, fishing, tourism, oil production.
Ancient Rome is credited with developing this form of government in which citizens elect representatives.
Republic
This treaty divided newly discovered lands outside Europe between Spain and Portugal.
Treat of Tordesillas
This region at the southern tip of South America is known for its rugged landscapes, grasslands, and glaciers.
Patagonia
This physical feature helped protect ancient Greece from invasion but also contributed to the development of independent city-states.
Mountains
These are the major ancient civilizations of Latin America
Maya, Aztec, and Inca
This cultural movement began in Italy and led to renewed interest in art, science, learning, and classical civilizations.
The Renaissance