Trade & Networks (1000–1750)
Chinese innovation that was crucial for long-distance maritime navigation and made sailing possible even in cloudy conditions
The magnetic needle compass
The empire conquered Constantinople in 1453
The Ottoman Empire
Mariner who reached the Cape of Good Hope and initiated Portugal’s Indian Ocean presence
Vasco da Gama
European movement that emphasized reason and universal laws
The Enlightenment
1776 document justified American independence using Enlightenment ideals
The Declaration of Independence
One of the major “entrepôts” that acted as a global commercial hubs in Afro-Eurasian sea trade between 1000–1300 CE
Alexandria, Cairo, Quilon, Melaka, or Guanzhou (Canton)
The elite infantry corps was formed through the devshirme system
The Janissaries
This caused up to 90% demographic decline among Indigenous Americans
Afro‑Eurasian disease transmission
Architectural masterpiece that was built as a tomb for Mumtaz Mahal
The Taj Mahal
The French Third Estate declared themselves as
The National Assembly
Economic system that assumed colonies existed solely to enrich the motherland
Mercantilism
The Indian dynasty that ruled from 1206–1526 and allowed diverse cultures without forced conversion
The Delhi Sultanate
Spanish system that granted settlers the right to Indigenous labor
Encomienda
Japanese cultural movement that embraced Kabuki, geishas, and urban entertainment
The ‘Floating World’
The full name of the leader of the Haitian Revolution
Toussaint L’Ouverture
The commodity that became the first truly global currency, shifting the balance of power toward Europe
Silver
The dynasty that replaced the Mongol Yuan and restored Confucian bureaucracy
The Ming dynasty
The crop became the most valuable export and drove mass enslavement
Sugar
This Chinese innovation enabled mass book circulation during the Ming era
Printing and private publishing
Idea that claimed political power came from ‘the people’
Popular sovereignty
Name at least 2 phenomena that connected four major cultural spheres in Afro‑Eurasia between 1000–1300 CE
Intensified trade, sea routes, migration, and religious contact
The Persian empire that centered Shiite cultural and political life
The Safavid Empire
The empire that fell after Pizarro captured Atahualpa
The Inca Empire
The Sufi poet who connected mystical Islam with emotional devotion
Jalal al‑Din Rumi
Major event in 1812 that marked Napoleon’s downfall
His failed invasion of Russia.