People & Places
This Indigenous people lived in the Caribbean when Spain arrived
Taíno
Taking control of people or land by force
conquest
Conquest means TAKE control. This term means KEEP control
colonization
European colonies wanted workers for mines, sugar plantations, farms, and this other type of work
building settlements
European conquest → ______.
Spanish control expands.
This powerful Indigenous empire had its capital at Tenochtitlán.
Mexica/Aztec Empire
Spain wanted these THREE things from conquest.
Land, wealth, and power/Christian converts.
A territory controlled by another country.
colony
Before Europeans increasingly transported enslaved Africans, this group was exploited for labor in the colonies.
Indigenous people
Smallpox → ______.
Population loss.
This Spanish conquistador entered Mexico in 1519.
Hernán Cortés
This disease killed many Indigenous people and weakened communities.
Smallpox
Spanish colonial rule spread this European language through government and society.
Spanish
Millions of Africans were forcibly transported across this ocean.
Atlantic Ocean
Colonization → ______.
Spanish language/religion spread
After Tenochtitlán fell, Spain began building this colony.
New Spain
These local partnerships added Indigenous fighters to Cortés's campaign.
alliances
Missionaries pushed Indigenous people to convert to this religion.
Christianity
Africans worked in agriculture, mining, households, skilled trades, and other sectors under these TWO statuses.
enslaved and free statuses
Labor demand → ______.
Forced African migration.
Name TWO regions where Africans and their descendants became part of Spanish and Portuguese American societies.
Mexico, Caribbean, Central America, South America.
Give THREE factors that helped Spain defeat the Mexica Empire.
Any three: disease, Indigenous alliances, technology, divisions among Indigenous groups
Name THREE ways Spanish colonial rule changed everyday life for Indigenous people.
Any three: land loss, exploited/forced labor, religious conversion, Spanish language
Explain the connection between colonial labor demand and African forced migration.
Colonies needed labor for mines, plantations, farms, and settlements, so Europeans increasingly expanded the forced transport of enslaved Africans to the Americas.
Put these in order: colony, voyages, new society, claims, labor, conquest.
Claims → Voyages → Conquest → Colony → Labor → New Society.