Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment
This person believed that people allow the government to exist to protect natural rights(life, liberty, and property).
Who is John Locke?
In French Society, this group made up 97% of the population, mostly peasants. They also consisted of a middle class known as the Bourgeoisie. They have no voice in government and poor
What is the Third Estate?
This person led a slave revolt against the French in Hispaniola in 1791.
Who is Toussaint L’Ouverture?
This nation colonized most of Central and South america.
What is Spain?
This person believed humans were naturally cruel and that people cannot be trusted to make decisions benefitting society. Therefore, a strong government is necessary to protect people from own selfishness.
Who is Thomas Hobbes?
This French ruler began the Reign of Terror, where in over 40,000 people were executed for suspicion that they were traitor.
Who was Maximilien Robespierre?
This was the social hierarchy that the Spanish implemented in their Latin American colonies. Under this system, Spaniards enslaved indigenous peoples and forced them to work on plantations and mines.
This person earned the nickname "El Libertardor." They had a mission of liberating their homeland from European control.
Who was Simon Bolivar?
This philosopher believed freedom of expression was necessary to fight oppression (Freedom of Speech) and supported religious toleration.
Who is Voltaire?
This where the National Assembly(3rd Estate) vowed to not separate until they attained more power and a fair constitution.
What is the Tennis Court Oath?
An estimated 8-15 million Africans were forced on this route to be enslaved in the Americas.
What is the Middle Passage?
This person was a Catholic priest from Dolores, Mexico, who began Mexico's independence movement.
Who was Miguel Hidalgo?
This is based on reason, observation, and experiments to test hypotheses. It focuses on "how" not "why?"
What is the scientific method?
This was based on enlightenment ideals: equality, religious toleration, merit over noble birth and it restricted some personal liberties (like freedom of speech).
What was the Napoleonic Code?
One of the causes of the Latin American Revolutions. This was where the mother country(in Europe) grew wealthy at the expense of the colony.
What is mercantilism?
OR: "Disconnect between Mother Country and Colonies"
This person was an Argentine general, who helped free Agentina and Chile and worked with Simon Bolivar to free Peru.
Who was Jose de San Martin?
This philosopher argued for a separation of powers in government:Dividing government into three
branches allows each
branch to check (limit) the
power of the others
Who is Baron de Montesquieu?
Napoleon's popularity allowed him to stage this, where he overthrew the government with military force.
What is a coup d'etat?
One of the causes of Latin American Revolutions. This was a result of:
Creoles want government jobs
Native Americans want their land back
Enslaved people want freedom
What is unequal distribution of wealth and power?
This was the term for Latin American dictators. They were mostly wealthy Criollo aristocrats.
Who were Caudillos?