Ren
What period was a rebirth of European art and learning inspired by classical Greece and Rome?
The Renaissance
What Church pardons did Martin Luther criticize?
Indulgences
What two types of modern weapons helped the Ottoman military succeed?
Muskets and cannons
What ruler conquered Persia and made Shi'a Islam the official religion of the Safavid Empire?
Isma'il
What ruler seized Delhi in 1526 and helped establish Mughal rule in India?
Babur
What two Renaissance ideas focused on human potential and achievement and on worldly rather than religious subjects?
Humanism and secularism
What famous list of criticisms did Martin Luther post?
The 95 Theses
What Ottoman ruler conquered Constantinople and allowed Jews, Christians, and other groups to live there?
Mehmet II
What Safavid ruler strengthened the military and government while supporting art and culture?
Shah Abbas
What Mughal ruler promoted religious tolerance and allowed people of different faiths to hold government positions?
Akbar
What invention helped Renaissance and Reformation ideas spread rapidly throughout Europe?
The printing press
What English king took control of the Church of England with Parliament's approval?
Henry VIII
What Ottoman ruler captured Mecca, Medina, and Cairo?
Selim the Grim
What branch of Islam became the state religion of the Safavid Empire?
Shi'a Islam
What influential woman was associated with Mughal ruler Jahangir?
Nur Jahan
What German artist reflected Renaissance ideas through religious and classical subjects, realistic landscapes, and self-portraits?
Albrecht Dürer
What belief taught by John Calvin said that God had already determined who would be saved?
Predestination
What Ottoman system recruited people from conquered populations for military and government service?
The devshirme system
What term describes the Safavids combining Persian traditions, Shi'a beliefs, and ideas from other societies?
Cultural blending
What Mughal ruler reversed many of Akbar's tolerant policies and imposed oppressive taxes on Hindus?
Aurangzeb
Give two ways the Renaissance changed European art or society.
Possible answers: more realistic art, greater focus on individuals, classical subjects, merchants and rulers sponsoring artists, increased personal expression, spread of new ideas
What religious order founded schools and worked to stop the spread of Protestantism, and what major Church meeting addressed Catholic teachings and reforms?
The Jesuits and the Council of Trent
What Ottoman ruler was known as “the Lawgiver,” and name one reason the Ottoman Empire became powerful?
Suleiman the Lawgiver; possible answers include modern weapons, strong military organization, janissaries, effective government, or recruiting talented people from conquered lands
Give one way religion shaped the Safavid Empire and one way the Safavids interacted with other cultures.
Shi'a Islam became the state religion; the Safavids traded and exchanged ideas with other societies, including China
How were Akbar and Aurangzeb different in their approaches to religion?
Akbar promoted religious tolerance, while Aurangzeb reversed many tolerant policies and placed oppressive taxes on Hindus