The Role of the Church
What was the dominant religious institution in medieval Europe?
The Roman Catholic Church
What was the primary occupation of most medieval Europeans?
Farming/Agriculture
What event caused a labor shortage that weakened feudalism?
The Black Death
What was the common form of transportation used by medieval people for short distances?
Walking or horse-drawn carts
What was the dominant form of military service in medieval Europe?
Knights and cavalry
What term describes the Church’s authority over secular rulers?
Papal supremacy
What financial institution emerged to help merchants store and transfer money safely?
Banks
How did the rise of trade and towns weaken the feudal system?
People moved to towns for jobs, reducing dependence on lords
What was the primary job of a medieval serf?
Working on the land of the manor
What was the name for a medieval fortress designed for defense?
A castle
What is Inquisition?
a Papal weapon used to root out heresy, often used as torture and trial
What banking innovation introduced during the medieval period, allowed merchants to travel without carrying large sums of money?
Letters of credit or promissory notes
What was one effect of the Hundred Years' War on medieval society?
It led to stronger national identities in England and France
What was a medieval market day called, where people would gather to buy and sell goods?
A Fair
What was the primary purpose of a moat?
To provide an extra layer of defense against attackers
What were religious communities called where monks lived, worked, and prayed?
Monasteries
What was the practice of charging interest on loans, which was condemned by the Church?
Usury
What weapon revolutionized warfare and reduced the power of knights?
The longbow
What entertainment was popular among medieval people?
Fairs, festivals, troubadour music, and jousting tournaments
What was the purpose of the high tower in the castle?
to serve as the last line of defense
What powerful medieval pope excommunicated Emperor Henry IV during the Investiture Controversy?
Pope Gregory VII
What system allowed merchants to deposit money in one city and withdraw it in another?
Bills of exchange (Credit)
What significant political change in England after the Hundred Years' War helped reduce the power of the monarchy and strengthen Parliament?
The rise in Parliament and growing power of the House of Lords and Commons and decline in royal authority
What was the typical role of women in Medieval villages?
Managing the household, cooking, cleaning, weaving, caring for the children, agricultural work