People
Which emperor legalized Christianity?
Constantine
What Roman engineering accomplishment supplied water to the cities?
aqueducts
What was the period of peace and prosperity in Roman history called?
Pax Romana
What was the North African city that rivaled Rome for Mediterranean trade?
Carthage (p 76)
At what crucial battle did the Visigoths defeat the Romans?
Adrianpole
Who was called the “Homer of Rome”?
Virgil
The wars between the Romans and the Carthaginians were called what?
Punic Wars
changed the Roman army into a “professional” army that served for financial gain
Marius
Roman emperor at the time of Jesus' death
Tiberius
Under whose leadership did the Huns invade Roman territory?
Attila's
invaded Italy through the Alps
Hannibal
What decree ended persecution and legalized Christianity?
Edict of Milan
Roman emperor during the last and most widespread Roman persecution
Diocletian
sided with the Senate on the first civil wat
Sulla
The first official Roman persecution of Christianity began under the emperor
Nero
defeated Hannibal at Zama
Scipio
fought Octavian in the third civil war
Mark Anthony
The First Punic War was fought over control of the island of
Sicily
member of a triumvirate with Julius Caesar and Pompey
Crassus
Who decreed Christianity to be the official religion of the Roman Empire?
Theodosius I
promoted the theory that the earth was the center of the universe
Ptolemy
The Law of the Twelve Tables was important primarily because it
was the first Roman law that was written down.
Which literary figure was also a leading politician, author, lawyer, and statesman?
Cicero
Established the calendar that is the basis of out own
Julius Caesar
Describe the problems that led to the decline of the Roman Republic.
During the period of Roman expansion, the hard-working citizen-farmers were burdened with great economic
hardships. Many of them lost their land, and others were unable to compete with the large farms of the wealthy
aristocrats. When these citizen-farmers returned from fighting Rome’s wars, they faced numerous obstacles. Jobs
outside of farming were hard to find because of the increased number of slaves in Italy. Landless and unemployed, the
citizen-farmers became dissatisfied and restless. They turned to the government for help, but they went away empty-
handed. During the period of Roman conquests, the Senate increased its power and again dominated the republic.
The pleas for reform went unheeded by the Senate, whose self-centered interests opposed any change. Tiberius and
Gaius Gracchus became champions for the poor. The brothers were both killed after seeking reform. In response to the
challenge of the Gracchi, the Senate abandoned peaceful measures. They resorted to violence to preserve the power
and wealth of the aristocrats. The failure of the Senate to deal with the reform for the poor further weakened the
republic. The disorder of the Roman state finally led to civil war. (pp. 79–81)