Greece1
Why was it easy for Philip II to conquer Greek city-states?
Greek city-states went through countless battles for many years. They were divided, and did not provide help to each other during Philip II's invasion.
Herodotus is referred as:
father of history
Who wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey?
Homer
a body of land with water on three sides
what is polis, acropolis?
city;
a fort built on a hilltop of the polis
Explain why Alexander the Great's empire could not last long.
Alexander did not appoint heir to his throne. Generals fought against each other and tore apart the empire into 4 kingdoms.
What is the name of the religion that worships god Ahura Mazda?
Zoroastrianism
Who led the 1st Persian Invasion? Who led the 2nd Persian Invasion?
Darius II, Xerxes
what is a tyrant?
Tyrant: someone who seizes power and rules with total authority
what is agora?
open area used as a marketplace outside the acropolis
During Dark Age, _________________ & _________ overthrew Greek kings
powerful families, nobles
Please provide the names of two renowned battles fought during Persian invasion
Battle of Marathon, Thermopylae, Salamis, Plataea
Who won the Peloponnesian War, and how was it possible?
The Spartans defeated Athens and its allies. The Spartans made a deal with Persians so that they could defeat the Delian League together. A chunk of Greek territory was promised in return.
What is satrap & satrapy?
satrapy is another name for a province (used by Persians)
satrap is the governor of a satrapy
what is a Hoplite?
Citizens that made up Greek city-state’s armies; Fought on foot and fought in formation called phalanx
How did Athens under Pericles dominate the Delian League?
Athens treated other city-states like subjects;
Demanded strict loyalty and regular payments
Greeks founded many colonies along coasts of ___________________ & ________________
Mediterranean Sea & Black Sea
What was the qualification for the Greeks to become a citizen?
Only free, landowning men born in the polis who served the military could be citizens.
Women and children were not considered citizens and could not vote.
explain oligarchy and democracy
oligarchy: powerful few people lead and control the citizens and city-state
democracy: the majority rules; all citizens share in running the gov't
What does Hellenistic mean?
like the Greeks
What is Socratic method?
Socrates created a new way of teaching called Socratic method. He asked pointed questions and waited for his students to respond.
which regions did Persia conquer?
•Mesopotamia
•Syria
•Judah
•Greek city-states located in Anatolia
Greek adult males had the right to:
•Vote
•Hold public office
•Own property
•Defend themselves in court
What does philosophy mean in Greek?
Who is a philosopher?
Love of wisdom;
Thinkers who are involved in creating a new body of knowledge
What is rhetoric?
The art of public speaking and debate