Ch 12 Vocab
Businesspeople who set up industries by bringing together capital, labor, and new industrial inventions are called what.
Entrepreneurs
What is the proposed theory that all plants and animals descended from a common ancestor over millions of years?
Evolution
The movement of people into the cities resulted in spread of city life also known as this.
Urbanization
Who built their own theory of evolution based on natural selection?
Charles Darwin
What entrepreneur had 12 brothers and sisters, was a barber who worked with machines in his spare time, and eventually created the water frame spinning wheel?
The lowest point in the business cycle which is characterized by bank failures and widespread unemployment is called what.
Depression
In communism, Karl Marx believed that the ____________, or the working class, was the true productive class, not to be confused with the ___________________, or the middle class.
Proletariat and Bourgeoisie
When writers and artists became disgusted by the brutal reality of realism, they created this world of shadowy images evoked by symbols called what.
Symbolism
This gentleman wrote Das Kapital and the Communist Manifesto.
Karl Marx
What is money to invest in labor, machines, and raw materials called?
Capital
What is a business organization involving two or more entrepreneurs who can raise more capital and take on more business together called.
Partnerships
What is laissez-faire?
a policy allowing business to operate without government interference or “let them alone”
Rejecting society's formal structures and rules, this movement in which artists would emphasize human emotion and imagination over reason is called what.
Romanticism
What was the name of the Russian researcher that conducted experiments with dogs, bells, and salivation?
Ivan Pavlov
What is the enclosure movement?
farm owners not selling/renting out land and improving upon the farming system themselves pushing peasants out of jobs and into big cities for factory work.
What are interchangeable parts?
Machine made parts that were exactly alike and easily assembled or exchanged.
What Scottish economist believed strongly in a free market and wrote the book Wealth of Nations?
Adam Smith
Europeans chose to leave their homeland to settle elsewhere is called what.
Emigration
This Russian writer was known for his realistic writings including the family novel about five families experience through Napoleons invasion of Russian in 1812.
Leo Tolstoy
Before the Industrial Revolution, what was the life expectancy age?
40 years old
A workers association that hoped to improve the wages and working conditions of their members.
What did famous entrepreneur Eli Whitney invent?
Cotton Gin
People fleeing to another land to settle permanently in a foreign land is called what.
Immigration
This postimpressionism artist was a failed minister who turned to painting using brilliant colors and distorted forms to make masterpieces such as Starry Night.
Vincent Van Gogh
How much is class participation worth in my class?
50%