Imperialism Terms
What does the term 'imperialism' describe?
The pattern of European nations in the extending their political and economic influence throughout the world in the 1800s
Why were the British interested in China in the 1800s?
They wanted to sell goods, particularly opium, in the Chinese market
This British company controlled India with military force for the purposes of extracting commodities from the subcontinent
The British East India Company
Who were the Boers?
Dutch settlers in South Africa who resented English settlement there
Which country did the British create a penal(prison) colony in?
Australia
What does 'extraterritoriality' describe?
The legal principle where foreign individuals or groups are granted exemption from the jurisdiction of local laws in the country where they are residing
Why did China become more dependent on European power and allow them to have more influence after the end of the opium wars?
What was the British economic policy in India?
Exploiting the Indian economy for the benefit of Britain
Which African country was Muhammad Ali from, and what was his main goal? (100 points each)
Egypt, and to modernize his country
Maori
What does the term 'capitulation' mean in terms of European imperialism?
Trade agreements and other diplomatic concessions that were made in favor of European powers; specifically in the context of the capitulations of the Ottoman Empire
Name 3 concessions that the British gained from the Treaty of Nanking (100 points each)
a. British acquired Hong Kong.
b. British gained the right to occupy several Chinese coastal cities with a navy.
c. The Chinese had to pay an indemnity to Britain for the costs of the war.
The abolition of slavery led a large migration of Indians to move to which 3 British controlled colonies? (100 points each)
Trinidad, British Guiana, and Mauritius
What was the name given to the migration of Boer South Africans to the interior plateaus of South Africa?
The Great Trek
What are 3 countries in South East Asia the British annexed in the 1820's? (100 points each)
Singapore, Assam and Burma (Myanmar)
What does the term “Sphere of influence” describe?
The control of a region or area by a foreign power with significant economic, political, or cultural influence but not necessarily direct control; specifically used in China following the second Opium war when several areas were indirectly controlled by European great powers
The Chinese movement against the Dowager Empress and foreign influence in 1900 was known as the _____ Rebellion
Boxer
What are “sepoys”?
Indian troops used by the British East India Co. to guard warehouses; mostly from the Bengal region
Why did the French initiate their conquest of Algeria in 1830?
France was facing internal uprisings and wanted to increase nationalism around supporting the existing government.
What lesson did the British learn from the independence war of the United States when forming the nation of Australia?
Allowing self-governance and turning over costs to the settlers
What was the 'Tanzimat'?
Consisted of legal reforms that introduced equal protection under the law, removing the special privileges of Muslims in the Ottoman empire
Why did the Taiping Rebellion attract followers?
The Chinese resented the Manchu Qing dynasty and blamed them for foreign influence
Besides the terrible loss of life and the untold damage it caused to the nations and societies of India, what was a direct consequence the Sepoy Rebellion had on British rule in India?
It resulted in the end of the British East India Company and the beginning of the
Why did the French government face local resistance due to their administrative policies in Algeria?
They forced people to speak French and denied Muslims civil rights
Which colonies did the British acquire from the Dutch when the rulers of the Netherlands fled to England? (100 each)
South Africa, Malacca, Ceylon, Guiana and Trinidad