Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire is the Eastern part of what empire?
The Roman Empire
What are the 3 Abrahamic religions? (All 3 religions believe in Abraham)
Islam, Christianity and Judaism
Where do the religion of Islam begin?
The Arabian Peninsula
What is one thing that is considered haram (forbidden) by Islamic law? (Something Muslims cannot have)
Alcohol, Pork, tattoos or anything that is considered self harm.
The 1st Pillar of Islam is Faith. What is the number 1 belief in the Islamic religion?
There is one God and one God only.
That God is Allah.
Muhammad is the messenger of God.
The best known leader of the Byzantine Empire is who?
Justinian
The Crusades are a series of 8 holy wars between these two religions fighting over what?
- Name the two religions
- Name what they are fighting over
Christians and Muslims (Christianity and Islam)
Fighting over the holy land of Jerusalem
Who is the prophet of the Islamic religion and what is Islam's rule about him?
Muhammad and there should be no idols or images of him or that he is the messenger of God. (Allah)
What is Sharia Law?
Religious laws that are apart of the Islamic faith.
The 2nd Pillar of Islam is Prayer. How many times a day do Muslims pray and where do they face while they pray?
5 times a day. Dawn, noon, afternoon, sunset and at night. They pray facing Mecca or more specifically the Ka'aba.
What is the Byzantine Empire's Code of laws?
What is the "Penalty of the Sack"?
Justinian's Code
- Punishment for parracide. Put into a sack with a live chicken, monkey, snake and dog and then drowned.
What was the name given to the event that divided the Christian religion into two denominations?
The Great Schism of 1054 A.D
If Islam means "Submission of the will of Allah" then what does "Muslim" mean?
"One who has submitted".
What is an example of a strict interpretation of Sharia Law?
Homosexuality is forbidden
Women be covered in public
It is a crime to abandon the Islamic faith
The 3rd Pillar of Islam is Alms. What is alms?
Donations of money or goods to the poor or less fortunate.
What was the Nika Rebellion?
Chariot Races.
A rebellion that led to the death of 30,000 people. Constantinople would lose 10% of its population
What is one difference between the Orthodox Christians and the Catholic Christians?
Language they speak
Patriarch vs Pope
Priests and their right to marry
Right to get a divorce
What are the 3 major holy sites in the Islamic faith?
Which of the holy cities has a connection to 3 different religions?
Jerusalem, Medina and Mecca
What are the two different types of Muslims?
BONUS POINTS: How are they different?
Sunni Muslims and Shia or Shi'ite Muslims
They disagree on who is the proper successor of Muhammad. Sunni believes succession falls to Muhammad's close friend and Shia believes it should be a descendant of Muhammad.
The 4th Pillar of Islam is Fasting. Muslims fast during Ramadan. Why do Muslims fast?
To be grateful for everything that God has provided them. Also a reminder to help those who are less fortunate.
What is one way the Byzantine Empire fell?
Justinian's plague, Conquest by Muslim rule, the Crusades weakened is power.
Why was the city of Constantinople changed to Istanbul? Why was Hagia Sophia first a church and then later a mosque?
It was taken over by Muslim conquerers.
The Muslim bible and church are called?
The Quran is the Muslim holy book.
The Mosque is a Muslim church.
How did Shia Muslims celebrate the holiday of Ashura?
They celebrate it by cutting themselves on the back or head. They do this to honor the blood shed by Husayn Ali who sacrificed his life vs the Sunni.
The 5th Pillar of Islam is Pilgrimage or Hajj. All Muslims who are healthy or financially capable must make the pilgrimage. Where does the pilgrimage end and where do they worship once they are there?
The pilgrimage is to Mecca. They worship at the Ka'aba. It is believed Abraham built the Ka'aba as a place to worship God.