Archaeology Review
(1st Face of America)
(1st Face of America)
This teenage girl lived approximately 13,000 years ago and was discovered in an underwater cave in Mexico.
Who is Naia?
This river was the main source of water, transportation, and fertile farmland for ancient Egypt.
What is the Nile River?
This was the title given to the ruler of ancient Egypt.
What is a pharaoh?
This major river in northern China is also known as the Huang He.
What is the Yellow River?
This famous wall was built and expanded over centuries to help protect China from invasions.
What is the Great Wall of China?
This scientific method uses radioactive carbon to estimate how old once-living materials are.
What is radiocarbon dating?
This large body of water lies north of Egypt.
What is the Mediterranean Sea?
This process preserved the bodies of the dead so they could be used in the afterlife.
What is mummification?
This enormous mountain range forms a natural barrier along China's southwestern border.
What are the Himalayan Mountains?
This ancient Chinese material was highly valuable and became an important trade product along the Silk Road.
What is silk?
This land bridge connected Siberia and Alaska during the Ice Age and may have helped the first Americans migrate into North America.
What is Beringia?
Most of ancient Egypt was surrounded by these dry, sandy environments that provided natural protection.
What are deserts?
This ancient Egyptian writing system used pictures and symbols to represent words and sounds.
What are hieroglyphics?
This large desert is located in northern China and southern Mongolia.
What is the Gobi Desert?
What is ethnocentrism?
Archaeologists studied Naia's teeth and discovered evidence of interruptions in their growth. What might this suggest about her childhood?
She may have experienced periods of poor nutrition or insufficient food.
Each year, the Nile River flooded and deposited nutrient-rich soil along its banks. How did this help the ancient Egyptians?
It created fertile farmland that allowed Egyptians to grow crops and develop a civilization.
Ancient Egyptians built massive structures at Giza to serve as tombs for their rulers. What were these structures called?
What are the pyramids?
The Yellow River was sometimes called "China's Sorrow." Explain why.
Its frequent flooding caused destruction, damaged farmland, and killed many people.
This emperor unified China, standardized measurements and writing, and was buried with the Terracotta Army.
Who was Qin Shi Huang?
Archaeologists found evidence in Naia's bones, teeth, and DNA. Explain how using multiple types of evidence helps scientists understand the lives of ancient people.
Different types of evidence provide different clues about a person's age, health, lifestyle, ancestry, and history, making conclusions more reliable.
Imagine you are an ancient Egyptian farmer living far away from the Nile River. Explain two major challenges you would face compared to someone living near the river.
Limited access to water and fertile soil would make farming, growing food, and supporting a community much more difficult.
Ancient Egyptians spent enormous amounts of time, resources, and effort preparing for the afterlife. What does this reveal about the importance of religion in their civilization?
Religion influenced their daily lives, beliefs, government, burial practices, and architecture. They believed life continued after death.
China's mountains, deserts, and rivers created both opportunities and challenges for ancient civilizations. Explain how these physical features could influence where people settled and how they interacted with other civilizations.
Rivers provided water, transportation, and fertile soil, encouraging settlement. Mountains and deserts created natural barriers that limited travel, trade, and interaction with other groups.
The Zhou Dynasty developed the Mandate of Heaven. Explain how this belief could justify removing a ruler from power.
The Chinese believed rulers received the right to govern from heaven. If a ruler became corrupt, cruel, or ineffective, people could believe the ruler had lost heaven's approval and could be replaced.