Protestant
This is a holy object that is housed in Catholic cathedrals. Luther thought they were superstititous.
What is a relic?
This is a form of Christianity that originated with the 16th-century Reformation, a movement against what its followers perceived to be errors in the Catholic Church.
What is Protestantism?
This was an influential figure who developed the field of calculus and established several fundamental physical laws.
Who is Isaac Newton?
Baptism, Confirmation, Eucharist, Confession, Marriage, Anointing of the sick, Holy Orders
This is a method credited to Francis Bacon which involves testing through experiments and analysis in order to reach conclusions.
What is the scientific method?
This was a series of events that marked the emergence of modern science in the 16th and 17th centuries, when developments in mathematics, physics, astronomy, etc., transformed the views of society about nature.
What is the Scientific Revolution?
This was an influential figure who confirmed the theories of Copernicus through observation on a refined telescope. He was charged with heresy and sentenced to house arrest.
Who is Galileo Galilei?
This was a corrupt practice of the Medieval Catholic Church in which time and suffering in Purgatory was allegedly reduced by the selling of papal notes.
What are indulgences?
This is a mechanical device for applying pressure to an inked surface resting upon a print medium (such as paper or cloth), thereby transferring the ink.
What is the printing press?
This is the astronomical model in which the Earth and planets revolve around the Sun at the center of the universe.
What is the heliocentric model?
This was one of Luther's theological beliefs which said that all Christians could be their own religious authorities and traditional priests were not needed to connect people to God.
What is the priesthood of all believers?
This is the (now defunct) astronomical model in which the Sun, moon, and stars were believed to revolve around the Earth.
What is the geocentric model?
This was a German professor of theology, priest, author, composer, Augustinian monk, and a seminal figure whose refusal to renounce all of his writings at the demand of Pope Leo X in 1520 and the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V at the Diet of Worms in 1521 resulted in his excommunication by the pope.
Who is Martin Luther?
These were a series of wars waged from 1520-1648 that disrupted the religious and political order in Europe.
What are the Wars of Religion?
This was an influential figure who helped development scientific thought by emphasizing the importance of empirical evidence and the induction of general scientific laws from testable observations.
Who is Francis Bacon?
This is the process of performing a scientific procedure, especially in a laboratory, to determine something; the hope is that the findings will uncover some fundamental truth is both testable and observable.
What is experimentation?
This was the council of the Catholic Church held between 1545 and 1563 which issued condemnations of what it defined to be heresies committed by proponents of Protestantism.
What is the Council of Trent?
This is a list of propositions for an academic disputation written in 1517 by Martin Luther.
What are the 95 Theses?
This is the historical term for the Catholic response to Protestantism.
What is the Counter-Reformation?
This figure is often credited with beginning the Scientific Revolution in 1543 with the publication of his theories about the solar system. He published his book towards the end of his life and avoided punishment.
Who is Nicolaus Copernicus?