Ancient Greece
This ancient Athens leader increased the power of the assembly by allowing any citizen to propose laws.
Who was Cleisthenes?
Type of government set up in 509 BC, by a group of Roman aristocrats who overthrew a harsh king. It was a representative democracy.
What is a REPUBLIC?
The Jewish religion holds that God gave this short primary code of laws to the ancient Israelite leader, Moses. Unlike the laws of other peoples, this Jewish code focused more on morality and ethics and less on politics.
What were the Ten Commandments?
12th century England government type?
What is a Monarchy?
During the 17th and 18th centuries, this new intellectual movement developed. Thinkers at this time tried to apply the principles of reason and the methods of science to all aspects of society. They built upon the long history of Western thought.
What was the Enlightenment?
Form of government in which a single person called a king or monarch rules in a government.
What is a monarchy.
These documents were important for they helped ensure that the protection of law was extended to any free citizen.
What were the Twelve Tables?
Other groups around the ancient Israelites
were polytheists--people who believed in more than one god. The Hebrews, however, could better be described by this term, meaning they believed in one God.
What are monotheists?
What can England also be termed and still get credit for?
Great Britain, United Kingdom
This English philosopher said that all human beings had, by nature, the right to life, liberty, and property. The people had an absolute right, he said, to rebel against a government that violated or failed to protect their rights. He believed that a government’s power comes from the people, not from God.
Who was John Locke?
Form of government in which a class of wealthy merchants emerged in some cities and took power or shared it with the nobility.
What is an oligarchy?
In AD 528, Emperor Justinian ordered this compilation of all Roman laws--it followed the earlier Twelve Tables from 451 BC.
What was the Code of Justinian?
The followers of this Jewish man founded the Christian religion after his crucifixion by the Roman governor. His followers believed he was the Messiah, or savior.
Who was Jesus of Nazareth?
King John of England was an unpopular king who fought a costly and unsuccessful war with France. Not only did England lose many of its land holdings in France, but John also tried to raise taxes to pay for the war. This led to conflict between the English nobles and the king. In 1215, the angry nobles rebelled and forced John to grant guarantees of certain traditional political rights. This document consisted of their written demands to him.
What was the Magna Carta?
On July 14, 1789, the people of Paris stormed the Bastille, a much-hated prison in Paris that symbolized autocratic rule. Peasant uprisings then spread from Paris throughout the country. Their fight to win democratic freedoms for the people became known as this revolution.
What was the French Revolution?
Form of government that recognizes God or divine being as the ultimate authority
Theocracy
The Roman Republic was huge. What government type did they use to ensure representation to all citizens?
Republic, Representative Democracy
Judeo-Christian faith believed in one God. What is this belief system called?
Monotheism
The Magna Carta recognized that a person had the right to a jury trial and to the protection of the law. This right—to have the law work in known, orderly ways—means the king could not willfully, or arbitrarily, punish his subjects.
What is due process of law?
He was perhaps the most freethinking of all Enlightenment philosophers. His most famous work was The Social Contract (1762). In it, he advocated democracy. Unlike Hobbes, he called the social contract an agreement among free individuals to create a government that would respond to the people’s will.
Who was was Jean-Jacques Rousseau?
These three ancient Greek philosophers (1) encouraged students to examine their most closely held beliefs, using a question-and-answer approach; (2) wanted society governed not by the richest and most powerful but by the wisest, whom he called philosopher-kings; and (3) examined the nature of the world and of human belief, thought, and knowledge--in Politics, he wrote, “Man is by nature a political animal; it is his nature to live in a state."
Who were Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle?
what is the Ancient Roman belief in many Gods called?
What is Polytheism?
In the 1300s, a brilliant cultural movement arose in Italy. Over the next 300 years, it spread to the rest of Europe, helped by the development of the printing press. The name of this movement comes from the French word for “rebirth.”
What was the Renaissance?
The Glorious Revolution led to a historic English document?
What is the English Bill of Rights
This Enlightened thinker believed in the separation of church and state.
Who is Voltaire?