WHO?
Who was the first emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, crowned in the year 800?
Charlemagne
What is the system called in which land was given in exchange for military service?
Feudalism
Where was the capital of the Byzantine Empire located?
Constantinople
When did the Middle Ages roughly begin?
476 AD (fall of the Western Roman Empire)
Why did feudalism develop in medieval Europe?
Because central governments were weak and people needed protection
Who led the Mongol Empire and began its major conquests in the 13th century?
Genghis Khan
What was the deadly epidemic in the 14th century that killed millions in Europe?
The Black Death (Plague)
Where did most Crusaders come from when they began their journeys?
Western Europe
When did the Hundred Years’ War between England and France begin?
1337
Why did the Crusades begin?
To regain control of the Holy Land for Christians
Who was the French heroine who led troops during the Hundred Years’ War?
Joan of Arc
What were the Crusades?
Military campaigns by Christians to take control of the Holy
Where was the Aztec Empire located during the late Middle Ages?
Mexico
When did the First Crusade begin?
1096
Why did the Black Death spread so quickly?
Because of trade routes and poor sanitation
Who was the king of England when the Magna Carta was signed?
King John
What is the name of the document signed in 1215 that limited the power of the English king?
Magna Carta
Where was the major trade route connecting Europe and Asia?
The Silk Road
When was the Magna Carta signed?
1215
Why did cities begin to grow in the late Middle Ages?
Because trade and crafts were expanding
Who was the famous traveler from Venice who described his journey to China?
Marco Polo
What was the economic alliance of northern European trading cities called?
The Hanseatic League
Where was one of the first medieval universities founded in Europe?
Bologna, Italy
When did Constantinople fall to the Ottoman Empire?
1453
Why is the fall of Constantinople often seen as the end of the Middle Ages?
It changed trade routes and helped lead to the Age of Exploration