Age of Exploration
What was the Age of Exploration?
A period when European nations explored overseas for trade, wealth, and empire building(colonies).
What was the Columbian Exchange?
The transfer of plants, animals, people, and diseases between the Old and New Worlds.
What was the Triangular Trade?
A three-part trade system linking Europe, Africa, and the Americas.
What was the Transatlantic Slave Trade?
The forced transport of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean.
What is inflation?
A rise in prices caused by an increase in money and demand for goods.
What phrase summarizes the main motives for exploration?
“Gold, God, and Glory”
What continents made up the Old World?
Europe, Asia, and Africa.
What goods were commonly sent from Europe to Africa?
Manufactured goods (guns, textiles, rum).
What type of farming system relied on enslaved labor in the Americas?
The plantation system.
What is capitalism?
An economic system based on private ownership and profit.
What two inventions improved navigation during this era? (Name Both)
The compass and the astrolabe.
What term describes the Americas after Christopher Columbus found them?
The New World.
What was the Middle Passage?
The brutal voyage that carried enslaved Africans to the Americas.
What were the conditions like on the Middle Passage?
Overcrowded, unsanitary, with extreme abuse and high death rates.
What is a joint-stock company?
A business in which investors pool money to share profits and risks.
Who from Portugal founded a navigation school that trained sailors?
Prince Henry the Navigator.
Name two items that traveled from the Old World to the New World.
Horses, cattle, pigs, smallpox, measles, etc.
What was mercantilism?
An economic policy aiming to increase national wealth through exporting more than importing.
What justification was used in the Trial of the Zong to explain why enslaved people being thrown overboard was ok?
Claimed enslaved people were equivalent to livestock, therefore allowing that type of treatment.
How did joint-stock companies support exploration?
They funded voyages and colonies by spreading financial risk among investors.
Who was the first explorer to circumnavigate the globe? Why was it so important?
Ferdinand Magellan / Proved the Earth was spherical and improved trading routes
Name two crops from the New World to the Old World that transformed Europe.
Tobacco, potatoes, corn (maize), tomatoes, or cocoa.
How did mercantilism encourage exploration and colonization?
Nations sought colonies to gain resources and wealth to strengthen their economies.
What movement sought to end slavery?
The Abolition Movement.
What was the global trade network?
The worldwide exchange of goods and wealth connecting Europe, Africa, Asia, and the Americas.