Persia
this road was significant because it helped unify the empire and made transportation easier
What was the Royal Road?
Mountains caused Greece to develop these isolated and independent places
What are city-states?
the first (and last) dictator of the Roman Republic in 44 BCE before he was killed by members of the Senate
Who is Julius Caesar?
a 200 year period of relative peace and stability beginning with the reign of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE and ending in 180 CE.
What is Pax Romana?
Citizens are the source of power in government
didn't allow his soldiers to loot and burn conquered cities and was tolerant of others' religions
Who is Cyrus the Great?
this figure created hellenistic culture and built a large empire across three continents
Who is Alexander the Great?
this figure ended the Roman Republic by becoming the first emperor
Who is Augustus (Caesar)?
the official religion of the Roman empire during Constantine's rule as emperor
What is Christianity?
Citizens vote on laws directly
What is direct democracy?
This monotheistic religion was practiced in the Persian Empire
What is Zoroastrianism?
Women in this society had more freedoms like the ability to own property and get an education
What is Sparta?
first standardized code of laws to establish a visible and consistent set of rules for both classes of Rome's republic
What is the Roman Twelve Tables?
The Western half of the Roman empire spoke this language
What is Greek?
Vast political unit that comprises multiple territories and peoples under a single leader
What is an empire?
Persians maintained their empire through the use of these
What are satrapies?
the city state known for its cultural influence and political achievements that impact the Western world to this day
What is Athens?
What is the Edict of Milan?
The Eastern half of the Roman Empire was called this and they spoke
What is Byzantine and Latin?
What is representative (indirect) democracy?
The spread of Greek culture from Europe to Asia
What is Hellenism?
Eratosthenes, Archimedes, and Pythagoras
The two social classes in Rome
What are the Plebeians and the patricians?
germanic invasions, political instability and corruption, economic decline due to overspending, military problems, overexpansion
What are the reasons for the fall of the (Western) Roman Empire?
What is democracy or representation in government or the system of checks and balances or separation of powers?