River Valley Foundations
Mesopotamia developed between these two rivers.
What are the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers?
Many Classical Era civilizations were characterized by complex empires supported by this administrative structure.
What are bureaucracies?
Under this principle, no citizen—including a powerful war hero—stands above the law.
What is the rule of law?
Ashoka’s tours and public messages encouraged people to follow this set of ethical teachings.
What is Dhamma?
This trade network linked regions across Asia and connected with routes reaching the Mediterranean.
What is the Silk Road?
Irrigation and these routes were two ways rivers supported Mesopotamian civilization.
What are transportation and trade routes?
This Persian innovation helped promote trade by making payments more standardized.
What are standardized metal coins?
This Roman legal principle is reflected in modern U.S. proceedings: an accused person is not guilty unless evidence proves it.
What is “innocent until proven guilty”?
After converting to Buddhism, Ashoka supported peace and this activity that helped the Mauryan Empire prosper.
What is open trade?
The Nile, Tigris-Euphrates, Indus, and Huang He civilizations developed near these geographic features.
What are rivers?
Early river valley civilizations developed governments, social classes, specialized workers, writing, and this organized social institution.
What is organized religion?
The Roman Republic divided responsibilities among consuls, praetors, the Senate, and assemblies. This political principle does that illustrate?
What is separation of powers?
In a republic, citizens elect representatives; in this system, citizens vote directly on proposed legislation
What is a direct democracy?
The Edict of Milan changed Roman society by allowing Christians to practice this without state persecution.
What is Christianity?
Greece is credited with influential early forms of this system of government, along with ideas about latitude and longitude.
What is democracy?
One geographic pattern shared by many early civilizations was settling near this resource.
What is fresh water?
After rebellion, famine, or invasion weakened a Chinese dynasty, this ruler’s family claimed Heaven’s approval and took power.
What is a new dynasty?
Roman women gained greater economic and marital independence, including increased ability to own this.
What is property?
Confucianism endured in China partly because its teachings emphasized these enduring bonds.
What are family relationships?
Ashoka used visits, gifts, and conversations to spread ideas about this belief system.
What is Buddhism?
Name one benefit and one cost of building canals and levees to manage an unpredictable river.
What are improved water access for farming and the need for significant labor?
Corruption, social instability, and the challenge of governing vast borders helped bring down these two major empires.
What are the Roman and Han empires?
Many modern European civil-law traditions trace their roots to this compilation of Roman laws directed by Emperor Justinian.
What is the Justinian Code?
In a theocracy, political leadership is closely joined with this part of public life.
What is religion?
Building irrigation canals and levees could improve farming, but moving away from rivers could reduce access to this advantage.
What is fertile farmland?