People
He is often (incorrectly) considered to be the first European in the Americas in 1492.
Who is Christopher Columbus?
The European Renaissance was centered in this country.
What is Italy?
A fleet of war ships
What is an armada?
These two countries led the exploration efforts from 1492 to 1600.
What are Portugal and Spain?
He founded the Lutheran Church
Who is Martin Luther?
This leader modernized the military and made Russia a power in European affairs
Who is Peter the Great?
He was a painter, sculptor, and architect who painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.
Who is Michelangelo?
What is a colony?
These were the three primary motivations of European exploration.
What are "God, glory, and gold"?
A person of mixed European and Native American Indian descent
What is a mestizo?
This French king (the best example of absolutism) strengthened control of the French government
Who is Louis XIV?
He was a painter, sculptor, and scientist and is known for being a "Renaissance Man"
Who is Leonardo da Vinci?
The Spanish used this system which allowed landowners to use Native Americans as laborers.
What is the encomienda system?
This agreement between Portugal and Spain separated control of the newly discovered lands
What is the Treaty of Tordesillas?
This war brought an end to the Holy Roman Empire as a political entity.
What is the Thirty Years War?
This family came to control Florence using their wealth and personal influence for more than 300 years.
Who are the Medici?
In his influential work, The Prince, this philosopher/author wrote about how to acquire and hold political power
Who is Niccolò Machiavelli?
The intellectual movement of the Renaissance focused on the study of grammar, rhetoric, poetry, philosophy, and history
What is humanism?
Nations tried to have a favorable ____________ and export more goods than they imported
What is balance of trade?
Renaissance artists, authors, and thinkers believed they had witnessed a rebirth of which civilizations?
What are Greece and Rome?
North and South America are named after this explorer.
Who is Amerigo Vespucci?
This English author wrote the book the Canterbury Tales in vernacular English.
Who is Geoffrey Chaucer?
A release from all or part of punishment for sin by the Catholic Church, reducing time in purgatory after death
What is an indulgence?
This country colonized parts of present-day Louisiana and regions of Canada
What is France?
The belief that God has determined in advance who will be saved and who will be damned
What is predestination?