Origins
This is not a single religion, but instead a set of closely linked beliefs that emerged in ancient South Asia.
Hinduism
The story of Exodus, the ancient Israelites' escape from slavery in Egypt, plays a large role in the traditions of this religion.
Judaism
These three major world religions are often described as the “Abrahamic faiths” or “people of the book.”
This trade network was vital to the spread of Buddhism throughout Asia.
the Silk Roads
This wisdom teacher was persecuted by the Roman Empire for preaching equality, radical love, and care for oppressed peoples.
Jesus
“All life is suffering. Suffering is caused by desire. The way to end suffering is to end desire. The way to end desire is to follow the eightfold path.”
Who said this?
The Buddha
(These are the Four Noble Truths)
Describe one belief that Hinduism and Buddhism have in common.
- both believe in karma and reincarnation
- both believe the way out of the cycle of reincarnation is by achieving spiritual enlightenment
Out of the five major world religions, this one was established the most recently.
Islam (610 C.E.)
According to Confucian thought, human society consists primarily of unequal relationships. Name TWO of those relationships.
ruler-subject
father-son
husband-wife
older-younger
After receiving a series of revelations from God, _____ became the "seal of the prophets" and founded the religion of _____.
Muhammad
Islam
How are traditional Hindu societies organized?
the caste system
Describe one major difference between Hinduism and Islam.
- Hinduism is polytheistic (many gods), while Islam is monotheistic (one god)
- Hindu society is structured by a strict caste system, while Islam teaches that all people are equal
In the 1500s, Christianity split into two major branches. What is this event called AND what are the names of the two branches?
Protestant Reformation
Protestantism and Catholicism
How did the Mandate of Heaven attempt to explain political change in China?
problems in old dynasty --> they lose the Mandate of Heaven --> rebellion is justified --> new dynasty founded
Before he became the Buddha, what position did Siddhartha Gautama hold?
AND, what does this tell us about Buddhism?
a prince
Buddhists reject social hierarchy & material wealth
Name TWO of the five pillars of Islam.
monotheism
daily prayer towards Mecca
fasting during Ramadan
completion of the hajj (pilgrimage)
giving to charity
Three of the major world religions are "universalizing," meaning they seek converts, while two of them are instead associated with a particular people and/or territory.
Which are the 3 universalizing religions?
Christianity, Islam, and Buddhism
Much like how Buddhism grew out of Hinduism, Christianity grew out of Judaism. Describe one major difference between Judaism and Christianity.
- Christians believe that Jesus was the son of God, while Jews do not believe Jesus was a divine figure.
- The Jewish Torah consists of the Old Testament, while the Christian Bible also incorporates the New Testament.
- Christianity places a greater emphasis on the afterlife and spiritual salvation than Judaism does.