Starting WW1
What is WWI?
Conflict that was waged from 1914-1918
posters, movies, cartoons, songs, political ads etc. aimed at promoting a specific point of view and to create support
Propaganda
Who was part of the Central Powers?
Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, Bulgaria and their colonies
Document written by Pres. Woodrow Wilson outlining 14 points to create peace after World War I.
Fourteen Points
The United States joined the war during this year
1917
Race Riot is:
A PUBLIC OUTBREAK OF VIOLENCE BETWEEN TWO RACIAL GROUPS IN A COMMUNITY.
This was the spark that started the war.
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Grown to support war effort and free up supplies for soldiers
What are Victory Gardens?
Who was part of the allied powers?
Great Britain, France, Russia, Belgium, Italy, United States
Nickname for important nations who attended the Peace Conference
Extra Cred: if you can name all
Big Four
(Italy, US, Britain, France)
This was a secret diplomatic communication issued from the German Foreign Office in January 1917 that proposed a military alliance between Germany and Mexico.
Zimmerman Telegram
A Pacifist is:
A PERSON WHO BELIEVES THAT WAR AND VIOLENCE ARE UNJUSTIFIABLE
Balkans Powder Keg
What encouraged men to join the service and fight in the war?
The Draft
Why was Russia unable to continue in the war?
Ext. Credit:
What was a problem Russia did not have?
They were fighting a Civil War within their own country and there was a:
Lack of Supplies, poor communication with badly kept trains, few weapons
They had plenty of soldiers
Meeting where the Treaty of Versailles was written:
Paris Peace Conference, Paris, OR France
German U boats violated free trade and neutrality through unrestricted submarine warfare by sinking this ship drawing the U.S. into war
Lusitania
The Lusitania
LUSITANIA WAS A BRITISH OCEAN LINER THAT WAS IN OPERATION DURING THE EARLY 20TH CENTURY
military intertwined with society along with massive military spending & build up of military forces/equipment
Militarism
When people/countries restrict the consumption of materials or products to give to the soldiers on the front
Rationing
Reasons for Allied Victory over Central powers
Had more soldiers
Progressive Democrat President that passed 16th, 17th, 18th & 19th Amendment. Ended neutrality during World War I in 1917. Wrote 14 Points and created the alliance League of Nations
Woodrow Wilson
Ended World War I with harsh conditions for Germany: Had to pay back money for the war (reparations), downsize military, give up conquered lands etc..
Treaty of Versailles
Imperialism
A POLICY OF EXTENDING A COUNTRY'S POWER AND INFLUENCE THROUGH DIPLOMACY OR MILITARY FORCE
groups working together to achieve similar economic or militaristic interests (Triple Entente, League of Nations, United Nations, Nato, Warsaw Pact)
Alliance
New jobs that women held at home and on the front
(give one of each)
Home: Factories
ON Front: Nurses
Reasons Germany finally surrendered:
Germany could not fight the growing numbers of Americans in the War
Germany was being starved by blockade
German Frontlines were being pushed back/armies retreating
International organization formed after Treaty of Versailles
League of Nations
Did the US feel the Treaty of Versailles was fair?
They did not sign it and dropped out of the peace meeting...It was Too Harsh
Liberty Bond
A LIBERTY BOND (OR LIBERTY LOAN) WAS A WAR BOND THAT WAS SOLD IN THE UNITED STATES TO SUPPORT THE ALLIED CAUSE IN WORLD WAR I. SUBSCRIBING TO THE BONDS BECAME A SYMBOL OF PATRIOTIC DUTY IN THE UNITED STATES AND INTRODUCED THE IDEA OF FINANCIAL SECURITIES TO MANY CITIZENS FOR THE FIRST TIME
Members of the Triple Alliance?
Members of the Central Powers?
Great Britain, France, Russia
Italy, Austria-Hungary, Germany
Bonds
this new way of fighting caused a stalemate (freezing) of the front line on the Western Front
Trench Warfare
Wilson believed nations seeking independence from Empires had the right to...
Self-Determination - Independence - The US would protect any country from being bullied.
Reason Americans did not want to be part of League of Nations
Isolationism, did not want to be part of a large war again.
Conquer
OVERCOME AND TAKE CONTROL OF (A PLACE OR PEOPLE) BY USE OF MILITARY FORCE
extreme social & political loyalty, patriotism and love for one's own country
Nationalism
Colonies contributed to their empires in this way:
Supplied soldiers when Imperial countries were running out of soldiers.
Trench foot
Countries that were created after Treaty of Versailles was written (give at least 3)
Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Czechoslovakia, Austria, Hungary, Yugoslavia, Iraq, Syria, Palestine, Jordan, Poland, Ukraine, Finland
Liberty Bonds Were Created to:
A LIBERTY BOND (OR LIBERTY LOAN) WAS A WAR BOND THAT WAS SOLD IN THE UNITED STATES TO SUPPORT THE ALLIED CAUSE IN WORLD WAR I.
Compromise
AN AGREEMENT OR A SETTLEMENT OF A DISPUTE THAT IS REACHED BY EACH SIDE MAKING CONCESSIONS
After Austria-Hungary invades Serbia what ONE of the actions taken to start WW1?
1) Russia declares war on Austria
2) then Germany declares war on Russia and France
What is total war?
Where everything in the nation public and private is dedicated to fighting a war.
New weapons in WW1 (name TWO)
Tanks, Airplanes, airships, long-range artillery, machine-guns, poision gas, trenches
What country was included in the Treaty of Versailles but not trusted by the other "Big Three?"
Italy
What Year did the US soldiers enter WWI?
1917
Totalitarianism
Where a leader has singular control over government, industry, and social life in country
Root causes of aggression in WW1 (looking for 4)
M. A. I. N
What were the "Liberty Gardens," and how did they help the War Effort in the USA?
VICTORY GARDENS, ALSO CALLED WAR GARDENS OR FOOD GARDENS FOR DEFENSE, WERE VEGETABLE, FRUIT, AND HERB GARDENS PLANTED AT PRIVATE RESIDENCES AND PUBLIC PARKS IN THE UNITED STATES, UNITED KINGDOM, CANADA, AUSTRALIA AND GERMANY DURING WORLD WAR I AND WORLD WAR II
How was Trench Warfare different on the Western Front as opposed to the Eastern Front?
The Eastern Front was too large a radius to successfully cover with trenches.
According to the Treaty of Versailles, what four ways was Germany punished?
B.R.A.T
The US Soldiers were given a nickname when they entered the war. What was it?
Dough Boys
Powder Keg
THE TENSE, NATIONALISTIC FEELINGS OF THE PEOPLE IN The AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN EMPIRE (SERBIA, BOSNIA, ETC.) GAVE THE REGION THE NICKNAME OF THE "POWDER KEG OF EUROPE." THE SPARK THAT SET THE WAR OFF WAS THE ASSASSINATION OF THE AUSTRIAN EMPIRE (ARCHDUKE FRANZ FERDINAND) BY A SERBIAN NATIONALIST