Causes of the War
This is a policy of countries maintaining strong, aggressive armed services, often accompanied by an arms race.
At this time, Germany and Great Britain were the two main powers in competition, with Germany having the strongest army and Great Britain having the strongest navy.
What is militarism?
This event resulted in the loss of over 100 American lives and increased American support for entering the war.
What is the sinking of the Lusitania by German submarines?
This was the style of fighting most commonly employed on the western front, where armies would fire at one another from well-protected positions across "No Man's Land"
What is trench warfare?
This is the feeling that a country should stay to itself and not be involved in foreign affairs- it was an American tradition up to World War I, and a big reason why many Americans did not want to get involved in the war or join the League of Nations.
What is isolationism?
These are typically monetary payments for damage done during a war or unjust system (like slavery)
What are reparations?
This cause of World War I played out when countries declared war on each other due to their pre-existing friendships or agreements with countries already involved in the war, also known as:
What are Alliances?
This is what the infamous Zimmerman Telegram from Germany related to the country of Mexico.
What is a proposed alliance between Germany and Mexico, where Mexico would invade US in return for Germany promising Mexico the lands they lost to the United States?
This was the name given to the new style of warfare in which militaries would utilize toxic compounds in grenades to gas out enemy combatants
What is chemical warfare?
These laws made it illegal to criticize the government during World War I, punishable by a $10,000 fine or up to 20 years in prison.
What are the Espionage and Sedition Acts?
This was the international organization that President Woodrow Wilson proposed be created to resolve disputes between countries diplomatically rather than militarily
What is the League of Nations?
This cause of World War I is when countries exert political, social, and economic control weaker countries.
Leading up to World War I, European powers were competing for colonies across Europe, Asia, and Africa
What is Imperialism?
Name at least 2 groups of people who generally opposed American entry into World War I
Who are socialists, women, pacifists?
What is it instituted a mandatory military draft for all men aged 18-45?
This Supreme Court case upheld the Espionage and Sedition Acts by establishing the "clear and present danger" test, which restricted free speech when the government determined that it is dangerous to the public.
What is Schenck v. United States?
What happened to the labor movement post- World War I: name at least one reason for what happened to the labor movement.
Union membership and labor activism declined due to:
-The Red Scare and hysteria about a communist revolution
-Wealthy corporations seizing on the Red Scare hysteria to make labor movements seem like communism
-Immigrants willing to work for poorer wages/under poorer working conditions
-Unions often restricting membership to African Americans
This cause of World War I is when people have intense pride in their country, often at the expense of other countries.
In the case of World War I, it can also refer to Slavic peoples in the Balkans who wanted their own nation-state.
What is Nationalism?
This practice was pursued by the German navy to disrupt Allied merchant shipping, but ended up drawing the United States into the war.
What is unrestricted submarine warfare?
On November 11, 1918, Germany agreed to this, which put an end to the fighting of World War I
What is an armistice?
This was the phenomenon of African Americans migrating from the south to northern cities for job opportunities in manufacturing: it also resulted in heightened racist violence against African Americans, as whites felt entitled to these jobs
What is the Great Migration?
Who is Eugene Debs?
This was the igniting incident that caused Austria-Hungary to declare war on Serbia, drawing the Triple Entente and Triple Alliance systems into war with one another
What is the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand by Bosnian Serb Gavrilo Princip?
These were individuals who opposed the war and either disobeyed the mandatory military draft or demanded to be assigned non-combat roles (nurses, cooks, etc.)
Name 2 federal agencies created during the war and explain the responsibilities of each
War Industries Board- set quotas, allocated raw materials
Railroad Administration- operated rails, set wages
Fuel Administration- rationed gasoline and coal
National War Labor Board- arbitrated disputes between workers and management
United States Food Administration- rationed food and encouraged conservation
Committee on Public Information- propaganda service to support war effort
Name one way in which women fared positively and one way in which they fared negatively during World War I
Positives: Job opportunities, increased support for the suffrage movement
Negatives: Received decreased wages compared to men, unable to vote for the Congress that declared war
Name at least three provisions of the Treaty of Versailles, other than the League of Nations
-German reparations
-War guilt clause
-Loss of German colonies/territories
-Demilitarization of Germany
-Creation of 9 new nations (Poland, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Turkey, etc.)