Vocab
German submarine
U-boat
Who was assassinated that led to the outbreak of the war?
Franz Ferdinand
Name at least 4 new technologies used on the WWI battlefield.
Tanks
Planes
Machine guns
Poison gas
Gas masks
Artillery and high-explosive shells
Who led the Bolsheviks?
Vladimir Lenin
What was President Woodrow Wilson’s plan for world peace called?
Fourteen Points
a country that takes no side in a conflict
Neutral
Who were the Central Powers at the beginning of the war? (2)
Germany and Austria-Hungary
Why is the Battle of the Marne significant?
First large-scale trenches were dug by both sides
Why was Russia a troubled nation going into WWI?
Czar Nicholas promised reform after the revolution in 1905 but he delivered little change while economic conditions grew worse.
Which world organization did the Treaty of Versailles establish?
League of Nations
What did women in some countries gain because of their contributions to the war effort?
The right to vote
information designed to encourage support of the war effort
Propaganda
Who were the Allied Powers at the beginning of the war? (4)
Great Britain, Russia, France, and Serbia
Describe trench warfare and life in the trenches (3+ sentences).
(Example) Life in the trenches was dirty and loud. Rats and flies went from dead bodies to food to the soldiers so diseases spread. There was constant fear of death and being sent 'over-the-top'. Soldiers got very little sleep and it usually came during the daytime because most shelling occurred at night. It was basically a horrific place that no soldier wanted to be.
How was Russia unprepared for WWI?
Factories were't able to produce supplies and ammunition quickly enough for the military's needs
Transportation system was weak
Outdated military equipment
Poor military leaders
How did the arrival of American troops affect the war?
Describe how women contributed to the war effort.
(Example) Women took up the work that men left as they went to battle. Some worked in factories, helped send shipments of food and weapons to soldiers, and served as nurses to wounded soldiers.
Using all of society's resources towards war efforts
Total war
Name the 4 reasons for increasing tensions leading up to World War I.
Militarism
Imperialism
Nationalism
Alliances
What was the German policy of “unrestricted submarine warfare”?
Any ship traveling in the waters around Great Britain was subject to attack
Why did the Allies launch the Gallipoli Campaign?
To control the Dardanelles and be able to access the Black Sea in order to ship supplies to Russia.
What two countries did not join the League of Nations?
Germany and the United States
a truce
Armistice
Describe the Zimmerman Note (3+ sentences).
(Example) The Zimmerman Note was sent from a German diplomat to Mexico. Germany was asking Mexico to declare war and attack the United States. In return, Germany promised that they would make sure Mexico would get Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona back from the United States. The reason Germany wanted this to happen is because they wanted to finish the war in Europe before American soldiers could arrive as it was becoming increasingly obvious that the U.S. would enter the war due to the resuming of unrestricted submarine warfare.
How did the government try to control public opinion?
Censored newspapers and created propaganda
What group of people did the Ottoman Empire commit genocide against?
The Armenians
Name at least FOUR terms of the Treaty of Versailles that punished Germany.
Forced to pay reparations to the war's victims.
Germany took responsibility for the war.
Had to limit the size of their military.
Returned conquered lands to France and Russia.
Parts of German lands were used to for a new country, Poland.
German colonies were given to different countries.