List the members of the Central Powers. (at least 4)
Germany, Turkey, Austria-Hungary, Italy, Bulgaria
100
Explain the following terms: Western Front & Eastern Front
Western Front: fighting on French border with Germany
Eastern Front: fighting on Russian border with Germany
100
When does the United States enter the war? Why do they wait to enter the war?
America wants to avoid getting pulled into European affairs. Many people in the country want to follow an isolationist policy.
100
Define the term total war.
Nations devote ALL of their resources to the war effort
100
What do most of the Allied powers want out of the peace treaty?
They blame Germany for starting the war. They want to punish Germany for starting the war and all of the damage inflicted during the war.
200
List the Allied Powers (at least 4).
Britain, France, Russia, Serbia, Belgium, Australia, Japan, America
200
Explain life for the soldiers in the trenches.
Miserable, unsanitary. They could be in the trenches for months at a time. Rats ate and contaminated their food. Men got trench foot from life in the trenches.
200
Define unrestricted submarine warfare.
Using submarines to sink ships without warning.
200
Explain the consequences of fighting in Africa and Asia.
Allies take control of German holdings in Africa and Asia. Britain and France use their colonial subjects to win the battles in these areas to take away Germany's colonies.
200
Who are the Big Four? Why do the meet?
US President Woodrow Wilson, French ruler Georges Clemenceau, David Lloyd George of Great Britain, Vittoro Orlando of Italy
They meet to discuss the peace terms to end the wa
300
Who forged the Triple Alliance? Why was it forged?
Germany's Otto von Bismarck to isolate France
300
List three new weapons utilized during the war. What were the effects of these new weapons?
grenade launchers, airplanes, tanks, flame throwers, mustard gas, U-boats, battleships, etc.
Much higher death tolls than in previous wars
300
Explain the events of the USS Lusitania.
1915: The USS Lusitania was sunk without warning by German U-boats. Over 100 US citizens on board died in the attack.
300
Explain the Gallipoli Campaign.
Allies wanted to capture Dardanelles strait from the Ottoman Empire. They wanted to open a supply line through the region to Russia. Efforts end in a costly defeat.
300
What are President Wilson's plan for peace? Fully explain his goals for the end of the war.
Fourteen points:
1. free trade
2. end secret alliances
3. end military buildups
4. self-determination: right of people to govern their own nation
5. League of Nations to settle international disputes
400
What event was the catalyst that started the war? Explain why this event occurred.
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand by Serbian terrorist Gavrilo Princip. Serbia did not believe Austria-Hungary had the right to rule over any Slavic peoples.
400
Explain the events and consequences of the First Battle of Marne.
German forces push their way to the outskirts of Paris. They were forced to retreat and therefore fight a two-front war with France and Russia.
400
How does the war affect the American home front?
Total war: nations devote all resources to the war effort
rationing, government control, propaganda, women enter the workforce, women serve the military in nursing positions, economy geared towards war production
400
Why does Russia withdraw from the war?
The war showed Russia all the problems they had in the country. There was a vast difference between the rich and the poor. Many people were starving. They blamed the Czar and forced him to step down. Communists took over the government and took Russia out of the war to deal with its own problems.
400
What are the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles that Germany is forced to sign?
1. War guilt clause: Germany must accept blame for the war
2. War Reparations: high price to repair war damages
3. Give up land in Europe
4. Give up colonial holdings
5. Limit size of military and navy
6. Create League of Nations
500
Explain the FOUR factors that lay the foundation for World War I to begin.
Militarism: build up & glorification of the military
Imperialism: Quest for colonies, creates competition
Nationalism: devotion to country, increased competition
Alliances: creates two camps pitted against one another
500
Explain the Schlieffen Plan. What motivated this plan?
Germany wanted to beat France so they would not have to fight a two front war. They chose France because Russia was slower to mobilize and not as prepared for war. The plan failed.
500
Explain the Zimmerman Note. What are the consequences of this event?
Germany approaches Mexico, offering them land in the US to turn against the US in the event of war. The US intercepts the telegram. In response, the US declares war against Germany
500
How do the Allies win the war?
Germany moves most of its forces to the western front. After engaging in major fighting, the Allies force German forces to retreat back into Germany. The German government signs an armistice that ends the fighting in November 1918.
500
Why doesn't the United States ratify the Versailles Peace Treaty?
U.S. fears involvement with European affairs. They fear the League of Nations will pull America into future foreign wars that don't have anything to do with the U.S.