The War Begins
What was the political system that the government controls every aspect of a citizen's life?
Totalitarianism
What was Executive Order 9066?
Allowed the government to intern Japanese Americans
What new strategies were used by the Allies in Europe and Africa?
Sonar and long-range bombing by air
The strategy of purposely crashing piloted planes into enemy ships, was called?
Kamikaze used frequently during the Battle of Okinawa
What was the Manhattan Project?
A secret program to develop the atomic bomb
Who were the Axis Powers?
Germany, Japan, and Italy
Who were the Tuskegee Airmen?
Who was their leader?
African American pilots who trained at Tuskegee Army Airfield in Alabama
Benjamin O. Davis Jr.
Why was it important for no individual Allied country to make peace with the Axis countries?
Defeating Axis required unity
What was island hopping?
Strategically taking control of important islands instead of every single island
What ended the war in the Pacific?
What was the nonaggression pact and who was it between?
An agreement that Germany and the Soviet Union would not invade each other.
What did the War Production Board do?
Oversaw the conversion of factories to war production
Why was the Battle of Stalingrad a turning point for the war?
It was the first major German surrender and Allied victory in Europe
What Allied victories halted Japanese advance?
Battle of Coral Sea and the Battle of Midway
What was the last major battle of the war in Europe?
The Battle of the Bulge
What was blitzkrieg?
A strategy using rapid attacks for a hopefully quick victory. Used by Germany.
"Lightning War"
Riots in LA caused by white sailors attacking Mexican Americans over a span of 10 days
What was D-Day?
The day designated for the invasion of Normandy, when Allied troops began pushing German troops out of France
What was the Battle of Coral Sea?
An Allied victory that stopped Japan from setting up a base on New Guinea to prevent an invasion of Australia
What was Hitler's "final solution"?
The planned genocide of European Jewish people
How did Americans feel about WWII before joining?
How did FDR view the war?
They opposed Hitler but they did not want to go to war.
It was inevitable for the US to join.
What was the Bracero program and how did it benefit both Mexicans and Americans?
Braceros were workers who were guaranteed minimum wage, food, shelter, and clean living conditions.
Benefited both parties by providing jobs and workers.
What happens in Italy after Mussolini is overthrown?
Italians surrender to the Allies, Hitler refuses to accept defeat, sends troops to block the advance, Allies capture Rome, German forces were driven out of Italy, Mussolini executed by Italian freedom fighters
What did the Battle of Leyte Gulf result in?
The Allies retaking the Philippines
What factors made the Battle of the Bulge especially hard on soldiers?
It was extremly cold and dark, they had no supplies, they could not see, coldest winter Europe had seen in 40 years