Causes of World War One
What is an alliance?
a union or association formed for mutual benefit, typically between countries or organizations
Who are the Allied Powers?
The side that includes France, Britain, Italy, Russia,
Where is Gallipoli located?
Turkey (Ottoman Empire)
What is propaganda?
Posters and newspapers that persuaded civilians to support the war.
They supported by enlisting to fight, saving food, women working, buying government bonds etc.
What date was the Armistice signed and what did it signify?
11th November 1918 and it signified the end to all fighting at 11am in WW1.
What is nationalism?
Love of one's country and the belief that your country is superior to others.
What is the name of Australia's prime minister during WW1?
Prime Minister Billy Hughes
What is Trench Warfare?
A defensive tactic where two opposing sides dig trenches into the ground to hold a position.
Identify two negative treatments that Indigenous soldiers faced in WW1.
Being 'too black' to fight - not allowed to enlist
Not receiving the same war pension as non-indigenous soldiers.
Not being given any medals or given the status of 'war hero'.
Segregation from the non-indigenous comrades upon returning home from war.
What was the spark that started the war?
The assesination of the archiduke Ferdinand , the heir of the Austrian hungarian Empire
What is militarism?
Another word for the arms race between Germany and Great Britain. Building up a nation's army to be the most powerful.
Who was assassinated in the catalyst for WW1? (name and title)
Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary, heir to the throne
Identify three main problems that soldiers faced in Trench Warfare?
Mud made it slow for soldiers to move around and created a breeding ground for bacteria.
Rats attached to the trenches because of human waste and dead bodies.
Trench Foot was a disease caused by soldiers feet being wet constantly.
Boredom - soldiers remained in trenches for weeks and months between battles.
Constant fear of being attacked.
What was the role of women on the home front during the war? (name 3 roles they had).
During the war, women joined Australian community associations such as the Australian red Cross to help the war effort. Knitting goods to send to the front was commonplace. Women took more active roles in the community, a trend that continues today. During the war, women were working full-time as well as taking care of the children and the household. While this is common today, it was a rarity before the war. To make matters harder, when soldiers returned with serious injuries, women had the additional task of caring for the wounded.
Why did Italy join the triple entente?
To recover Trieste and Istria at expenses of Austria
What is imperialism?
a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force - was a competition to see who would be the most powerful in Europe
Who are the Central Powers?
The side of the war that includes Germany, Austria- Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire (Turkey)
When was the beginning of the Gallipoli Campaign? What happened there?
At dawn on 25 April 1915, thousands of Anzac troops, in conjunction with British and French at alternative landing sites, landed on the Gallipoli Peninsula. The Anzac force was to come ashore at Gaba Tepe, but strong off-shore currents, as well as the element of confusion in the dark, meant that the landing took place about two kilometres (one mile) to the north. The Anzacs went ashore at what we now know as Anzac Cove and Ari Burnu (North Beach). The landing was the beginning of a long and drawn out campaign of nearly ten months.
Why was there anti-German propaganda being spread on the home front in Australia?
Because the German soldiers were responsible for hundreds of ANZAC deaths and families and friends of those soldiers were upset and blaming the Germans.
What did happen With the otoman empire in Middleton east
These territories became in to french and british mandates : Lebanon, Siria ..
Explain how militarism, alliances, imperialism and nationalism all worked together as catalysts for the beginning of WW1.
Alliances meant that some countries had no option but to declare war if one of their allies declared war first, which meant more countries became involved then needed.
Imperialism lead to large empires like Britain and France competing to take control over more land in places like Africa, creating a rivalry between Britain, France and Germany which contributed to their rivalry when declaring war. Nationalism was also affected by imperialism, as many of these countries wanted to take back power from the bigger empires, wanting freedom from the states of power, in order to strengthen their own nation.
Militarism caused an arms race between the main countries, therefore when war was declared, the armies of Britain, France and Germany were extremely capable and prepared to fight a world war for an extended period of time.
What happened in the important assassination related to WW1?
Gavrillo Princip shooting Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife while visiting Serbia. They did this because they were upset at Austria-Hungary taking over Serbia, when Serbia and Bosnia wanted to join forces.
What was significant about the Battle of Somme?
The battle of Somme was a five-month long battle which saw a huge number of causalities on both sides (1.25 million lives lost). This battle has faced controversy because the Allied generals continued to use flawed tactics even when they led to so much loss of life. It was one of the longest and most prolonged battles of WW1.
Give two reasons why Gallipoli and the Battle of Somme resulted in the Australian PM wanting to use conscription?
1. Alliances with Britain - promised to supply soldiers that were no longer voluntarily enlisting.
2. High casualty rates meaning soldiers were no longer voluntarily enlisting in fear of dying or not wanting to support the war.
How many articles did Germany have to agree to in the Treaty of Versailles? List four of these articles Germany had to face.
There were 440 articles that Germany had to agree to.
In this, Germany had to pay 33 billion dollars in reparations. Germany lost land to Poland and France and had to give up all of its colonies in Africa. Germany lost most of its military. Germany had to accept complete blame for the war. Germany could not join the League of Nations.