Vitamins
This vitamin is involved in hydroxylation of collagen
Vitamin C
Name the absorbable sutures
First cell to arrive in inflammation
Neutrophils
Types of debridements
Sharp, mechanical, autolytic, enzymatic
Radiation affects which two cells in wound healing
Keratinocytes and fibroblasts
Zinc
Name the non absorbable sutures
Ethibond, silk, nylon, Prolene
Role of macrophages in wound healing
phagocytosis of foreign debris, signal migration of fibroblasts during proliferation phase
Describe the difference between closure with primary, secondary, and tertiary intention
Primary intention where skin edges are approximated without debridement, secondary intention skin edges not approximated (open wounds), tertiary is delayed primary closure
Describe the stages of classifying a sacral decubitus ulcer
Stage 1: superficial, skin intact, nonblanching erythema
Stage 2: partial thickness injury, injury, loss of dermis, shallow ulceration w/ red/pink wound bed or intact bullae
Stage 3: full thickness skin loss, exposure of subcutaneous tissue layer
Stage 4: full thickness, exposed muscle, tendon, bone
Stage 5: unstageable ulcer due to eschar
A deficiency in this vitamin causes bleeding and petechiae
Vitamin K
Which wounds do you use staples for closure
Scalp and wounds greater than 5cm
Proliferative phase includes which two types of cells?
fibroblasts and myofibroblasts
What are the 4 phases of skin graft healing
Adherence, imbibition, inoculation, remodeling
What is the difference between hypertrophic scar and a keloid
Hypertrophic scar contains type 3 collagen laid within the boundary of the wound and spontaneously regresses
Keloid is where collagen lays excessively and grows beyond the boundary of the wound
Name the symptoms of pellagra and what vitamin it is associated with
4 D: dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, death
Associated with Vitamin B3 or niacin
Name an example of when you use an absorbable suture
Dermal or buried sutures
Remodeling phase begins at ___weeks where collagen type ___ is replaced with type ___
3 weeks, 3, 1
Classes of surgical wounds and examples of each
Clean, clean-contaminated, contaminated, dirty
What are the factors that influence wound healing
Infection, nutrition, perfusion, steroids, radiation, DM, smoking
Which vitamin has an affect with chronic steroid use
Name an example of when you use non-absorbable sutures
Can be used anywhere. Usually when tension is needed
Collagen type __ is deposited into the matrix. Collagen is cross-linked through hydroxy____ and hydroxy____ (hint: amino acids)
3; lysine, proline
What is the difference between partial thickness, full thickness and split thickness skin grafts
Partial thickness relies on recipient site for nutrients, oxygenation and neovascularization
Full thickness- contain entire dermis, size of graft is smaller, harvested from areas with tissue laxity
Split thickness- have more secondary contracture, should be avoided where function and cosmetics are important
Describe the Gustilo Classification