Definitions
What is a wound?
An injury, usually involving division of tissue or rupture of the skin.
Name two types of open wound
Laceration and puncture
What is the first step in managing a laceration?
Control bleeding with direct pressure.
How do you manage a nosebleed?
Keep the victim quiet and sitting forward; pinch nostrils together.
Name one sign of an abrasion.
Redness or pain at the surface level.
Define epistaxis
Bleeding from the nose
What distinguishes a laceration from an abrasion?
A laceration is a break in the skin and an abrasion is a superficial wound caused by rubbing.
How should you clean a shallow wound?
Wash with soap and water, irrigate with clean water, and apply antibiotic ointment.
What first aid should be given for a tooth that has been knocked out?
Handle the tooth by the crown, rinse it gently, and try to reinsert it into the socket if possible; keep it moist.
What are common symptoms of a puncture wound?
A small hole in the skin that may not bleed profusely but can be deep.
What is hemoptysis?
Coughing up of blood
Describe a contusion
An injury from a blunt instrument where blood vessels are broken but the skin is not broken
What should you do if there is an embedded object in a wound?
Do not remove it; apply pressure around it and stabilize it.
Describe how to care for an eye injury with a foreign object.
Flush gently with clean water; do not disturb if lodged in the eyeball; cover eyes and call EMS.
Describe how to identify a contusion.
Bruising or discoloration without breaking of the skin due to blunt force trauma.
Define hematemesis
Vomitng of blood
What is a gunshot wound?
A deep penetrating wound made by a bullet from a gun.
How do you manage an abdominal injury with protruding organs?
Cover with a moist sterile dressing without pushing organs back in and activate EMS immediately.
How should you treat a fishhook injury?
Apply ice to numb the area, back out the hook if possible, wash with soap and water, and cover with a Band-Aid.
Identify signs of a puncture wound
Bleeding, pain, and a small, deep hole in the skin.
What is an avulsion?
Forcible separation or detachment of skin or body part
What is an amputation?
A ripping and tearing force that removes a body part.
What should you do for an impaled object?
Do not disturb it; secure it with bulky dressings and tape in place.
What steps should be taken for managing a penetrating chest injury?
Activate EMS, place an occlusive dressing over the wound, do not remove any impaled objects.
Identify signs of an infected wound
Redness, swelling, pus and fever