Decline of empires
What type of empire expanded through overseas colonies?
Maritime empires
What event involved peaceful protesters being shot by the czar’s troops in 1905?
Bloody Sunday
What is the buildup of military strength called?
Militarism
What type of warfare involved fighting from trenches?
Trench warfare
What document outlined Wilson’s vision for peace?
Fourteen Points
Name one major weakness that contributed to the decline of land-based empires.
Military defeats / internal weaknesses / delayed industrialization
What governing body was created after the 1905 Revolution?
The Duma
What alliance included Great Britain, France, and Russia?
Triple Entente
What was the “no-man’s-land”?
The dangerous area between opposing trenches
What organization was created to maintain peace after WWI?
League of Nations
Which empire experienced rapid decline after defeats in the Crimean and Russo-Japanese Wars?
Russian Empire
What event forced Czar Nicholas II to abdicate in 1917?
February Revolution
What alliance included Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy?
Triple Alliance
What German strategy aimed to quickly defeat France?
Schlieffen Plan
What is an armistice?
A ceasefire
What problem did unregulated industrialization cause in Russia?
Worker exploitation and unrest
Who led the Bolsheviks during the October Revolution?
Vladimir Lenin
What event directly triggered World War I?
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Name one new weapon used in WWI.
Machine guns / tanks / chemical weapons / U-boats / airplanes
What treaty officially ended World War I?
Treaty of Versailles
Why did maritime empires have an advantage over land-based empires?
Access to global trade, resources, and naval power
What were the two sides in the Russian Civil War?
Red Army (Bolsheviks) vs. White Army
Why did alliances turn a regional conflict into a global war?
Countries were obligated to defend their allies
Why did new technology lead to a stalemate?
Weapons made offense deadly and defense stronger
What were two consequences for Germany under the Treaty of Versailles?
Reparations, loss of territory, demilitarization, war guilt