WW1 Technology
What is "Shell Shock"
PTSD
What did Woodrow Wilson originally want to do about the war?
Stay out of it!
Who were the Harlem Hell Fighters?
Why Did Americans veiw German's negatively?
German acts of aggression leading up to U.S. Involvement (Lusitania, Zimmerman Telegram)
What was the name of the Treaty Wilson proposed? What Treaty actually was signed?
Proposed: Wilson's 14 points
Passed: Treaty of Versailles
Name 3 important tech innovations in WW1
Gas Mask, better Artillery, Trenches, Tanks, Machineguns
why was the Lusitainia sinking important
Over 100 American citizens were onboard and killed by Germany, it marked a huge shift in public opinion and set the stage for pro war rhetoric
How were the Harlem Hell Fighters treated? (Give specific examples!!!)
Given to the French, Did not receive deserved honors, came back home to a segregated south
What was the Espionage and Sedition act?
Massively limited free speech, could get 20yrs prison, 10k fine (or both) for speaking out against the war, the draft, the military, or saying anything pro german
List the 4 Harsh terms placed on Germany in the treaty of Versailles
1. Blamed for war (Symbolic)
2. War debt
3. Limiting military size
4. Lost of territory
How did Technological Advancements contribute to PTSD in soldiers?
Technology made the war all the more devastating, destructive, larger in scale and traumatizing for soldiers
What was the Zimmerman Telegram
Germany attempts to get Mexico to declare war on the U.S.
What were some groups that were anti war (even after the Zimmerman telegram)? why?
1. Socialists
2. Women's groups (some not all)
3. Pacifists
4. German immigrants
Why was there an anti German sentiment in the U.S. during and leading up to WW1?
Germany was acting aggressively towards the U.S. and human nature is to lump groups together. German people were hated because Americans associated them with Germany (The country)
Who were the "Big 4" What did they want?
United States (Wilson): wanted softer terms on Germany, League of nations, international friendship
France: Harsh war reparations (Loss of territory, weakened military for Germany, etc.)
Italy: Territory that was promised to them
Britain: Weaken the Germans, but allow them to have a stable economy
Why was trench warfare necessary? why did commanders occasionally order their soldiers to charge at trenches?
New tech was so destructive that troops needed to take cover. Commanders became frustrated with the stalemate and charged trenches
Name the order for these events...
Zimmerman Telegram, Germany sinks Lusitania, War begins, Germany Promises to stop unrestircted Submarine Warfare, Germany breaks promise
2. Germany Sinks Lusitania
3. Germany promises to stop unrestricted submarine warfare
4. Germany breaks promise
5. Zimmerman Telegram
What was the significance of Women on the home front in WW1? (Hint: Think WW2 factories!)
Factories jobs became vacant as men left their jobs to join the fighting, so women took the jobs over (ONLY during wartime!)
Who was Charles Scheck?
Socialist who handed out anti draft pamphlets, was sent to jail under the espionage and sedition acts, fought the court decision but it was upheld by the supreme court
How did weakening Germany backfire for Europe (and the world)
Led to German resentment and the rise of Hitler
Why did old General's struggle in WW1?
"cant teach an old dog new tricks" their mentality was stuck in the 1800's which involved open battlefields and Calvary charges (did not work in the first modern war!)
What was the Sussex Pledge, why was it important?
Germany agreed (through the Sussex Pledge) to cease unrestricted Submarine Warfare. This promise was retracted which contributed to the U.S. joining the war, and anti German sentiment
What was a key motivator for the Harlem Hell fighters to join the war, and be so effective?
How were German Immigrants treated? (Give examples!!!)
Deported, vigilante violence, forced cultural assimilation (speak English, renounce German heritage, etc.)
Why did the Treaty of Versailles make sense?
Hindsight is 20/20, WW2 has not happened yet so it was not obvious that the treaty would lead to Hitlers rise to power
Europe (especially France) Wanted a guarantee that the Germans were unable to invading them again, this was done through harsh reparations and military limits