Start of the War
What position did the U.S. take at the start of WWI in 1914?
Neutrality
What was the main purpose of U.S. propaganda during WWI?
To gain support for the war effort
What was the Selective Service Act of 1917?
A law creating the draft for military service
In what type of units did African Americans serve during WWI?
Segregated units, often in support roles
What peacekeeping group was created after WWI?
The League of Nations
How did Americans’ cultural and ancestral ties to both the Allies and Central Powers affect U.S. policy in the early years of the war?
Divided loyalties encouraged the U.S. to remain neutral
What government agency spread pro-war propaganda?
The Committee on Public Information – CPI
What was the purpose of Liberty Bonds?
To raise money from citizens for the war effort
What was the Great Migration?
Movement of African Americans from the South to Northern cities for jobs
What was one major punishment Germany faced in the Treaty of Versailles?
Reparations, military restrictions, or territorial loss
What German policy of sinking ships without warning angered the United States and pushed it closer to war?
Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
Which food conservation slogans encouraged rationing at home?
“Meatless Mondays” and “Wheatless Wednesdays”
What did many Americans grow in their yards to help increase the food supply during the war?
Victory Gardens
How did Native Americans contribute to WWI?
Served as translators and soldiers
What idea in Wilson’s Fourteen Points allowed nations to rule themselves?
Self-determination
What secret message from Germany to Mexico, intercepted by the U.S., helped turn public opinion toward entering the war?
The Zimmermann Telegram
Which group was negatively portrayed in U.S. propaganda?
German Americans
What act made it illegal to criticize the U.S. war effort?
The Sedition Act
How were German Americans treated during WWI?
They faced suspicion and discrimination
Why did the U.S. Senate reject the Treaty of Versailles?
They opposed joining the League of Nations
Give two reasons why the United States eventually abandoned neutrality and declared war on Germany in 1917.
unrestricted submarine warfare, the sinking of the Lusitania, the Zimmermann Telegram, and economic ties to the Allies
Besides encouraging enlistment, how did U.S. propaganda shape public behavior and attitudes on the home front during World War I?
Propaganda encouraged Americans to conserve food and resources, buy Liberty Bonds, support the war effort in daily life, and adopt strong patriotic or anti-German attitudes.
How did WWI affect U.S. industries?
Factories shifted production to military supplies and weapons
How did women contribute to the U.S. war effort during World War I?
Women worked in factories, offices, and volunteer organizations to support the war effort.
How did the Treaty of Versailles help cause WWII?
Harsh terms created resentment in Germany, paving the way for Hitler