Lead-up to the War
What are alliances and why were they formed?
An agreement between two nations. Alliances were formed for political protection by major European powers.
What did Italy and Great Britain do when war broke out?
They stayed uncommitted
At the beginning of the war, who was involved in each alliance?
Central Powers: Germany, Austria Hungary, Ottoman Empire
Triple Entente: France, Russia, Great Britain
What was the nickname given to American troops?
Doughboys
What treaty ended WWI?
The Treaty of Versailles
What were the four main sources of tension during the years leading up to WWI?
Alliances, nationalism, militarism, and imperialism
What is pan-slavism?
The idea that all slavic people shared a common nationality
What was the Schlieffen Plan?
The German plan to avoid a two-front war -- they would focus on Britain and France first, before moving onto Russia
How did women help the war effort?
They worked in weapons factories and offices
How was Germany treated in the Treaty of Versailles?
It divided European nations and allowed colonial rivalries to develop
Why does Great Britain eventually declare war on Germany?
Germany marched through neutral Belgium towards France
Why did Russia experience issues during the war?
(3 things)
A lack of supplies, poor leadership, and two internal revolutions
What was the "Hunger Blockade"
Great Britain blocked German ports, preventing weapons, food, and fertilizers from entering the country.
What did the treatment of Germany in the Treaty of Versailles plant the seeds for?
WWII
Why did Gavrilo Princip want to kill Archduke Franz Ferdinand? (2 parts)
He was part of a nationalist group called the Black Hand and he wanted to unite all Serbs under one government
What was the small event that allowed Gavrilo Princip to assassinate Archduke Ferdinand?
Name and explain three modern inventions that were used during WWI
Any three of the following: Machine Gun, Poison Gas, Cannons, Tanks, Flame throwers
What was the Zimmerman note? How did it bring the United States closer to joining the war?
A telegram sent from Germany to Mexico, suggesting an alliance in case war broke out. Germany would help Mexico reclaim TX, NM, AZ
Did the US join the League of Nations? Why or why not?
No, isolationist feelings in congress grew over time
What happened in the weeks following the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand?
Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia, Russia came to the aid of Serbia, and Germany came to the aid of Austria-Hungary.
In the political cartoon we studied, what point is being made about the events leading up to WWI?
1. Peaceful times are dead in Europe
2. Everyone is to blame for the war
Drafts were held by most nations to maintain their militaries. One country did not hold these drafts. Which one, and why?
Great Britain, they were mostly focused on their navy because of their nature as an island nation.
What was the purpose of Wilson's 14 Points? How does it relate to the political cartoon we studied?
To establish just and lasting peace, Wilson didn't want to point fingers at specific nations
What issues was Russia facing during the end of WWI?
They fought with the Allies, suffered 9.1 million casualties, and were still excluded from Versailles.