Early WWI
4 MAIN causes (15 sec timer)
Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism
Outline THREE weapons used in 1916
Machine guns (maxim gun), mortars, shells, grenades, large guns (big bertha), tanks, gas,
Name THREE products which were rationed during WWI
Sugar, meat, dairy, butter, flour, milk, bread
Name FOUR major offensives/battles of WWI
Brusilov Offensive, Battle of the Marne, Spring Offensive, Verdun, Somme, Passchendaele etc
When did the Russian Revolution take place?
1917 - March provisional government in place, October Bolsheviks overthrow and take charge
Name of the plan by Germany to invade France (10 sec timer)
Schlieffen Plan
What is the difference between chlorine gas and mustard gas
Chlorine - used by Germans, burn lungs cause extreme pain/death, used 1915 onwards
Mustard - less deadly, cause blistering/burns on skin, introduced 1917
What is DORA and when was it introduced
Defence of the Realm Act - 1914. Passed by British to control communication, rationing and censorship
What are the dates of the Verdun and the Somme?
Verdun - Feb - Dec 1916
Somme - July - Nov 1916
List FIVE reasons for the Allied victory in 1918
Failure of Schlieffen plan
Larger population (allies e.g. more soldiers)
More allied resources
Use of naval blockade/superior navy of Allies
Overreach of Germany in Treaty of Brest Litovsk
Entry of US into WWI
Nature of war of attrition
Failure of Spring Offensive
Describe Schlieffen Plan
Invade Belgium, swiftly take out Paris/France, door handle swings down onto France, around 750,000 troops, avoid war on 2 fronts
Outline offensive tactics and defensive tactics used by/against submarines
Offensive - used torpedoes to sink/damage ships, guided by gyroscopes. Used in submarine warfare.
Defensive - depth charges, minefields and convoys to protect military/civilian shipping
When was conscription introduced in the UK?
May 1916
How many casualties were suffered by British on first day at Somme?
60,000 casualties - 20,000 killed
Where am I? I can see Lice, Rats, Ticks, Raw sewage, Gangrene
A trench! on the Western Front
Name FIVE methods of communication used in WWI
PIGEONS!! Field telephones (wires easily cut), visual signals e.g. flags (vulnerable to sniper fire), begbie lamps, trench runners, dogs, wireless communication e.g. AM radios (heavy, tubes easily damaged, batteries heavy), morse code, field telephones (too loud on battlefield)
Someone opposed to war was known as a what? and what punishment may they face if they refused to join the war? What reasons might refuse to join?
Conscientious objector
Prison time until the end of the war, hard labour
Religious/moral reasons e.g. quakers
Outline dates, location, aims of the Brusilov Offensive
June - Sep 1916, eastern front, 40km front line, weaken Germany by attacking Austria-Hungary and have Germany transfer troops from Western Front to Eastern Front
What is the first major battle of WWI?
Battle of the Marne/Battle of the Frontiers
Name THREE improvements in medicine during WWI
Carrel-Dakin Method - open wound, irrigate with disinfectant (sodium hypochlorite - kill bacteria without burning flesh)
improved anaesthesia - using nitrous oxide
specially organised ambulance units
Blood transfusions - blood banks, anticoagulants
Thomas splint - reduce mortality thigh fractures
facial prostheses, artificial limbs
Charles Myers - CBT (cognitive behaviour therapy) for shell shock (PTSD)
Outline SIX ways women's lives changed during WWI
Work - marriage restrictions abolished, entered into male domains, start of equal pay battle
Police - 1000's served volunteers, patrols to maintain public order
Transport - 33% increase 1911 to 1921, worked in railways
Childcare - state funded day nursery, more formal education system
Football - teams played in front of large crowds, then banned
Suffrage - gained right to vote 1918, run for office, new laws made
Marriage - rights over banks, make decisions re home and finances
Outline dates, location, conditions of Passchendaele
July - Nov 1917, Belgium (near Ypres), very muddy