Phonetics & Phonology
Volume, Pitch, Intonation, Stress, Tempo
What are prosodic features?
Reducing the length of a word - probs, bro
Joins words, phrases or clauses. There are two types -co-ordinating and subordinating
What is a conjunction?
The practice of alternating between two or more languages or dialects in conversation
What is code-switching?
The study of the origin of words
What is etymology?
Describes how informal or formal a text is.
What is the register?
Leaving out sounds - 'av for have
What is elision?
A person, place, thing, idea
What is a noun?
A sentence that requests or commands. Most often starts with the verb and omits the subject..
What is an imperative?
Facial expressions, body gestures, body language, eye gaze
What are paralinguistic features?
A group of words that belong to the same category.
What is a semantic field or domain?
Spoken, written or signed communication
What is the mode?
The vowel sound lessens - schwa
What is vowel reduction?
What is an adverb?
Simple, compound, complex, compound-complex, fragment
What is a sentence structure?
When a word's meaning changes over time to mean something different
What is shift?
The main reason a communication exists
What is function?
A representation of sounds used in languages. English uses 44 of these.
What is the International Phonetic Alphabet?
Describe position in time, space and attitude - in, at, according to, underneath
What is a preposition?
A sentence with two or more coordinate independent clauses, joined by a co-ordinating conjunction. 2+ verbs, co-ordinating conjunctions only.
What is a compound sentence?
When a word's meaning changed over time to become more positive.
What is elevation?
The time in a child's life where the brain is elastic and learns more easily.
What is critical period ?
The organs that produce sounds in the human body.
What is the vocal tract?
A morpheme that is inserted into the middle of the stem. In English, only swear-words can do this.
What is an infix?
A group of words that is missing a verb or subject or both.
What is a phrase?
When a word's meaning changes over time to mean something more negative.
What is deterioration?
A theory of language acquisition that assumes a baby is born with the ability to learn.
What is innatism?
Proper nouns becoming common nouns - google, bandaid, esky
What is commonisation?
What is an ellipses?
When a word's meaning changes over time to encompass more meanings.
What is broadening?
A common language
What is Lingua franca?
Auxiliary verbs that alter necessity or possibility. Must, shall, will, should, would, can, could, may, and might
What is a modal verb?
The person/thing being affected by the verb - I killed HIM
What is a object?
Using textual clues and prior knowledge to understand the implied meaning.
What is inference?
The theory of child language acquisition that encourages adults to converse, support and engage with children.
What is interactionism?
The habitual juxtaposition of a particular word with another word or words with a frequency greater than chance. E.g. strong tea, not *powerful tea.
What is collocation?
An additional piece of information about the verb - IN THE MORNING, the teacher came to school
What is an adverbial?
Usually a child uses one word to name many things that may have something in common.
What is semantic over-generalisation?
English is descended from this hypothetical language
What is the Indo-European language family?
A morphological change where we add affixation, but it doesn't change the essential meaning of the root word.
What is inflection?
Norfuk, Roper River, Butler English
What are types of Creoles?
Usually used by children who haven't yet learned all the rules of morphology. Will use 'mouses' and 'fishes' for the plural of 'mice' and 'fish'.
What is morphological over-generalisation?
The theory that language forces people to think a certain way.
What is determinism?