Basic Answers
Where a species lives
Habitat
Define Biotic Factor
Living factors - all other living organisms within a community
The word equation for photosynthesis
Water + Carbon Dioxide (+sunlight) --> Glucose + Oxygen
What may occur when the niche of two different species overlaps?
Competition
The 5 aspects included within an organism's 'Ecological Niche' are...
Ecological Niche
- Habitat, Environmental Factors (biotic & abiotic), Feeding Role, Life Cycle, Adaptations.
Define Abiotic Factor
Non-living factors - Physical aspects of the environment
The loss of water via stomata in the leaves of a plant to cool itself down.
Transpiration
What may occur if an organism is placed in an area of physiological stress within its environment?
They may die, *adapt to survive*, or relocate to more favourable conditions
A type of relationship between species in which both benefit
Mutualism
Define Adaptation
What is Osmosis?
The movement of water molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration across a semipermeable membrane.
If a plant had leaves with a large surface area, what would be the advantages of this? *3 possible answers
1. Maximize area for sunlight absorption = photosynthesis = energy
2. Increased Gas Exchange (O2, CO2) due to more stomata
3. Can outshade other plant species and outcompete for light/space etc.
What is created when an abiotic factor changes as you move along the habitat?
A gradient
Define Tolerance
What is Active Transport?
The process where molecules move from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration and required energy.
If a plant had leaves with a large surface area, what would be the disadvantage of this? *3 possible answers
1. Excessive water loss (Transpiration) via a large number of stomata on the leaf surface.
2. Higher risk of damage to elements (heat, wind, herbivores, rain)
3. Requires more energy and time to develop and maintain
What are the three types of adaptations an organism can have?
Structural/Physical, Physiological, Behavioural
Define Zonation
The formation of distinct horizontal bands of species across a particular habitat/environment
What essential process is limited/prevented if a plant's root system becomes waterlogged?
Aerobic Respiration
Describe the interactions that cause species to form distinct zones (bands) along an environmental gradient.
The interaction between both the Biotic and Abiotic factors.
Abiotic = determines where a species can survive
Biotic = determines the outer edges of each zone due to competition with other species