Hazard Symbols
What does the flammable symbol mean?
It means the substance can catch fire easily.
Name one household item that is an acid.
Vinegar or lemon juice.
What number on the pH scale shows neutral?
pH 7.
What does the chemical industry produce?
Products like paints, dyes, medicines, and cleaning products.
Why do factories test their products?
To ensure safety, strength, and quality.
What does the corrosive symbol warn you about?
It can burn skin or damage eyes and materials.
Which chemical is often used to clean toilets?
Toilet cleaner (contains acid).
What color does universal indicator show for a strong acid?
Red
What do research chemists do?
They develop and test new chemical products.
What does “quality control” mean?
Checking if a product meets safety and performance standards.
What does the harmful/irritant symbol mean?
It can cause irritation or sickness if touched or inhaled.
Name a household product that is flammable.
Perfume, hairspray, or aerosol spray.
Write the word equation for the reaction between sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid.
Sulfuric acid + sodium hydroxide → sodium sulfate + water.
Why are chemists trying to make new types of bleach?
To make safer and more eco-friendly products.
What happens if a product is not properly tested before selling?
It may be unsafe or not work properly.
What should you do if you see a toxic symbol on a bottle?
Avoid contact, wear gloves, don’t inhale it, and store it safely.
What are the two household chemicals Joseph mixed together?
Sodium hydroxide (drain cleaner) and sulfuric acid (rust remover).
What type of reaction occurs when an acid reacts with an alkali?
Neutralisation reaction
What is the first step chemists do when developing a new product?
Identify a need for a new or improved product.
In Table C, which shift had the weakest bleach sample?
The evening shift (pH dropped to 8.1).
Why are hazard symbols important?
They warn people of potential dangers and help prevent accidents.
Explain why mixing household cleaners can be dangerous.
It can cause a violent chemical reaction or release harmful gases.
How can you test a household chemical to find its pH?
Use universal indicator or pH paper and match the color to the pH scale.
Why do paint chemists want to develop paint removers with fewer fumes?
To make them safer for users and the environment.
How can technicians improve the reliability of their test results?
By testing multiple samples and repeating experiments.