Name one of the four functions of the skeletal system.
1. Structure – Help the body to stand and keep its shape
2. Movement – Muscles attached to bones (higher level: by what?)
contract (shorten) and relax (lengthen) to move the
body’s skeleton
3. Protection - The ribs protect the lungs and heart, the cranium protects
the brain, etc.
4. Make blood cells
100
Name one of the 3 main parts of blood and explain its' job in the body.
Red blood cells = carry substances around the body
White blood cells = protect the body from infection
Platelets = clot or stop bleeding
100
What is the main useful gas that you breathe in?
Oxygen
100
What is the purpose of the digestive system?
To break down food so your body can get energy from it.
100
Give an example of a disease caused by a virus.
Viruses are non-living parasites
Example: AIDS, HIV, SARS, swine flu, influenza, common cold, rabies
200
Complete the sentence:
Muscles work in _________________ to move the body.
Pairs
200
Name two things that red blood cells PICK UP from the body's cells.
Waste and heat
200
What are the two "waste" gases that your lungs breathe out?
Carbon dioxide and water vapour
200
Where are nutrients absorbed into the blood?
Small Intestine
200
How many cells do most bacteria have?
Bacteria are one-celled living organisms
300
What are the scientific words for muscles shortening and lengthening?
Shortening = Contract
Lenghening = Relax
300
Name three things that the red blood cells DROP OFF from the body's cells.
Water, oxygen and nutrients (näring)
300
Where does gas exchange happen? Hint: the part of the lungs where it is only one cell thick
Alveoli (Lungblåsor)
300
Where is water absorbed into the blood?
Large intestine
300
How do bacteria multiply?
They double by binary fission: 2, 4, 8, 16, 32
400
Name the 3 muscle types and give an example of each.
Skeletal Muscle - bicep, tricep, abs, tongue, etc
Smooth Muscle - they line the stomach, esophagus, intestines, blood vessels, bladder, uterus, etc
Cardiac Muscle - the muscles of the heart
400
Explain the circuit the blood takes when it leaves heart then finally returns back to the heart again.
Blood goes from the heart (full of oxygen) to the body's organs such as small intestine (picks up nutrients), kidneys (picks up waste) and other body cells.
Now the oxygen-less red blood cells travel to the heart again to be pumped to the lungs.
The red blood cells pick up oxygen from the lungs and drop off carbon dioxide and water vapour.
The oxygen-filled red blood cells now go back to the heart to be pumped to the rest of the body again.
400
What is the name of the muscle that controls your breathing?
Bonus points: What type of muscle is it?
Diaphragm (mellangärde)
No muscle type
400
Where is bile made AND stored?
BONUS points: What type of food does bile break down?
Bile is made in the liver and stored in the gall bladder
Bile breaks down fat.
400
Name one way to both PREVENT and TREAT influenza?
PREVENT: good hygiene, vaccine, avoidance
TREAT: drink water, sleep
500
What are joints (lederna), tendons (senor), ligaments (ledband) and cartilage (brosk)?
Joint are the regions of the body that allow movement
Tendons attach muscles to bones
Ligaments attach bones to bones
Cartilage protects the back and bones. It allow gives structure (nose and fingernails)
500
What happens to the förbränning equation or recipe if there is no oxygen available? How does the body make energy?
The recipe works without using oxygen as an "ingredient", the cost of this choice is that lactic acid will now build up on the muscles in order to make energy
500
What is the cellular respiration (förbränning) equation:
( ___________ + ___________ ---> ___________ + ___________ + ___________)
Oxygen + Glucose ---> Energy + Water + Carbon dioxide
500
What is the name of your stomach acid?
Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
500
Explain how a bacteria becomes resistant to an antibiotic.
1. Bacteria infect an organism
2. Multiply by binary fission
3. A mutant is formed
4. Antibiotic kills off all of the non-mutant bacteria
5. The mutant bacteria multiplies by binary fission
6. Another dose of the same antibiotic is used to kill the bacteria, it doesn't work because the bacteria is now resistant.