Cell Organelles
What are organelles?
Special parts of the cell specialised to do particular jobs to keep the cell functioning effectively.
What organelle makes a plant cell green and does photosynthesis?
Chloroplast
Define what a "multicellular organism" is.
A living thing made up of more than one cell (and more than one type of cell).
What are the 3 types of blood vessels?
Veins, arteries, and capillaries
What is the job of the cuticle and epidermis of a leaf?
It is a skin that protects the inside of the leaf
What organelle is the brain of the cell?
Nucleus
What organelle gives plant cells a rigid structure?
Cell wall
Choose the correct order of units in a multicellular organism, from smallest to largest
A) Tissue, Organ, Cells, System
B) System, Organ, Tissue, Cell
C) Tissue, Organ, System, Cell
D) Cell, Tissue, Organ, System
D) Cell, Tissue, Organ, System
What is the role of the heart?
To pump oxygenated blood to the body and pump deoxygenated blood to the lungs
What is the job of a pair of guard cells on a leaf?
To open and close to control the flow of gas in and out of the plant through the pores (stoma)
What organelle produces energy for cells?
Mitochondria
What organelle can change the shape of the cell by filling and emptying with fluid?
Vacuole
What gas do cells use to function, and what gas is produced as waste?
Cells use oxygen (O2) to function and make carbon dioxide (CO2) as waste.
What is the role of the lungs?
Exchange waste carbon dioxide from blood cells with oxygen to take back to the body
What is the job of spongy mesophyll cells in a leaf?
Does photosynthesis to produce food for the plant (in the form of glucose)
What organelle holds the cell together?
Cell membrane
What is photosynthesis?
The process where a plant changes light energy to food for the plant (chemical energy - sugar)
Identify which of the following is not found in an animal cell
A. mitochondria
B. a cell wall
C. cytoplasm
D. a nucleus
B. a cell wall
What feature does an artery have to help get oxygen-rich blood to the cells in the body?
Thick muscular walls
Explain why Xylem and Phloem of a plant are like the blood vessels of a human.
They help to circulate water and nutrients through the plants just like blood vessels do in a human.
What is the jelly-like substance in the cell where all organelles sit?
Cytoplasm
What are some differences between root cells and leaf cells of a plant?
Roots have no chloroplasts, are long and skinny, and have lots of mitochondria.
Leaf cells have chloroplasts, are rounder shaped, and have fewer mitochondria.
What are the 3 principles of cell theory?
1. All living things are made of cells
2. The cell is the smallest unit of life
3. Cells only arise from pre-existing cells
What features (3) does the red blood cell have to help it carry lots of oxygen?
Has no nucleus for more space
Has haemoglobin to hold more oxygen
Has a flat disc shape for gas to exchange quickly
What causes guard cells to be able to open and close to control gas flowing in and out of the plant?