Cell Structure and Function
What is the smallest unit of life?
The cell
What is the total magnification if an eyepiece is 10× and the objective lens is 40×?
400x
Name one structure found in plant cells but not animal cells.
Cell wall or chloroplasts or a very large vacuole
What is a specialised cell?
A cell that has a specific structure to perform a specific job.
What is the process by which plants make their own food?
Photosynthesis
Which part of the cell controls what enters and leaves?
The Cell Membrane
Why must specimens be thin to view under a microscope?
So light can pass through them for clear viewing.
What is the function of the chloroplast?
To carry out photosynthesis and make food for the plant
Give one example of a specialised animal cell and its function.
Many answers - must include name and function.
What is the process that uses oxygen to power a cell?
Cellular Respiration
Which part of the cell is called "The Control Centre"?
The Nucleus
What is the difference between magnification and resolution?
Magnification makes objects appear larger; resolution shows fine detail more clearly.
Why do plant cells need a large vacuole?
To store water and maintain cell pressure for structure.
A muscle cell has many more mitochondria than skin cells. Explain why.
What process allows substances like oxygen to move into cells?
Diffusion
How do the organelles in a cell work together to keep it alive?
Each organelle performs a specific function that together maintain the cell’s survival.
Describe the drawn appearance of a mitochondrion
Bean shapes with a wavy line inside.
Where in a plant would you find a cell with no chloroplasts?
Beneath the bark or in the roots
In Biology, what are tissues made of?
Groups of similar cells working together.
What compound does photosynthesis produce?
Glucose
What do ribosomes build?
Proteins
Why are cells so small?
So materials can move in and out efficiently through diffusion. SA:V
How do the functions of chloroplasts and mitochondria complement each other in plants?
Chloroplasts make glucose (energy storage), and mitochondria release energy from that glucose during respiration.
Why is specialisation important for multicellular organisms?
It allows different cells to perform different functions efficiently, supporting survival of the whole organism.
Explain why cells need to constantly exchange materials with their environment.
To take in oxygen and nutrients for reactions, remove wastes like CO₂, and maintain internal balance (homeostasis).