Structure of Earth
The outer layer of the planet earth
The crust
A giant supercontinent found on Earth in ancient times.
Pangaea
What type of boundary occurs when two plates are pulled apart.
Divergent boundary
State another natural disaster that can be caused from earthquakes
Tsunamis, fires, landslides
The place where magma is stored in a volcano.
Magma reservoir/chamber
The layer of the earth S waves cannot travel through because it is liquid.
The outer core
The man who came up with the theory of the super continent.
Alfred Wegener
When two plates are pushed together
Convergent boundary
A device used to record p and s wave vibrations from earthquakes.
A seismograph
This type of volcano has gently sloping sides
Shield volcano
The solid inner part of the earth made of very heavy metals like nickel.
The inner core
State 3 pieces of evidence that Wegener discovered as evidence for Pangaea.
Fossils of plants and dinosaurs on separate continents
Similar rocks and geological formations
The continents looked like puzzle pieces
Sea Floor spreading
When two plates slide past each other.
Transform boundary
How much stronger is a magnitude 7.0 earthquake compared to a magnitude 5.0 on the Richter scale?
100 times
A person who studies vibrations of volcanoes and predicts their eruption.
A seismologist
What temperature is the inner core?
approx. 5500°C
These bands of minerals on the earth's crust line up on the edges of present day continents at ridges
Magnetic striping
The upper layer of the Earth’s mantle where convection occurs.
The asthenosphere
Define the epicentre of an earthquake
The location on the surface of the Earth directly above where the earthquake starts (focus)
Name 3 types of material ejected from a volcano during an eruption
Lava, scoria, ash, gases.
This occurs when p waves travel through a liquid.
What is refraction (bending)
The process by which scientists believe caused the shifting of continental plates and seven major continents.
Convection currents
Which type of plate boundary forms rift valleys?
Divergent
The types of wave that travels faster and arrives at a seismograph first.
P waves
A word that describes lava by how fast it flows and it's thickness
Viscosity